On the size distribution of ice-supersaturated regions in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere
Klaus Gierens,Peter Spichtinger +1 more
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In this paper, the authors analyzed the influence of a selection bias on the obtained path length statistics and derived a mathematical equation that relates the path length distribution to the underlying size distribution of ISSRs, assuming that they have circular shape.Abstract:
In order to determine typical sizes of ice-supersaturated regions (ISSRs) in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere we set up the frequency distribution of path lengths flown by MOZAIC aircraft within ISSRs. The mean path length is about 150 km with a standard deviation of 250 km. We analyse the influence of a selection bias (viz. that large ISSRs are more often crossed by aircraft than small ones) on the obtained path length statistics and derive a mathematical equation that relates the path length distribution to the underlying size distribution of ISSRs, assuming that they have circular shape. We solve the equation (by trial and error) and test the result using numerical simulations. Surprisingly, we find that there may be many more very small ISSRs than apparent from the data such that the true mean diameter of the ISSRs may be of the order a few kilometres only. The relevance of the result is discussed and dedicated research flights to measure the true extension of ISSRs are recommended.read more
Citations
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Homogeneous ice nucleation and supercooled liquid water in orographic wave clouds [presentation]
J. Heymsfield,M. Miloshevich +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated ice nucleation mechanisms in cold lenticular wave clouds, a cloud type characterized by quasi-steady-state air motions and microphysical properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation and radiative forcing of contrail cirrus
TL;DR: Progress in understanding contrails since the last IPCC report is reviewed, the remaining uncertainty is assessed, and potential mitigating options and pathways forward are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation, properties and climatic effects of contrails
TL;DR: Schumann et al. as discussed by the authors described the formation, occurrence, properties and climatic effects of contrails, and the global cover by lined-shaped contrails and the radiative impact of line-shape contrails is smaller than that assessed in an international assessment in 1999.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global-scale atmosphere monitoring by in-service aircraft - current achievements and future prospects of the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS
Andreas Petzold,Valérie Thouret,Christoph Gerbig,Andreas Zahn,Carl A. M. Brenninkmeijer,Martin Gallagher,M. Hermann,Marc Pontaud,Helmut Ziereis,Damien Boulanger,Julia Marshall,Philippe Nédélec,Herman G. J. Smit,U. Friess,Jean-Marie Flaud,Andreas Wahner,Jean-Pierre Cammas,Andreas Volz-Thomas +17 more
TL;DR: The European Research Infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) operates a global-scale monitoring system for atmospheric trace gases, aerosols and clouds utilising the existing global civil aircraft as mentioned in this paper.
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A contrail cirrus prediction model
TL;DR: In this paper, a new model to simulate and predict the properties of a large ensemble of contrails as a function of given air traffic and meteorology is described and implemented in a "Contrail Cirrus Prediction Tool" (CoCiP).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of ozone and water vapor by Airbus in-service aircraft: The MOZAIC airborne program, an overview
Alain Marenco,Valérie Thouret,Philippe Nédélec,Herman G. J. Smit,M. Helten,Dieter Kley,Fernand Karcher,Pascal Simon,Kathy S. Law,John A. Pyle,Georg Poschmann,Rainer Von Wrede,Chris Hume,Timothy A. Cook +13 more
TL;DR: The Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) program was initiated in 1993 by European scientists, aircraft manufacturers, and airlines to collect experimental data.
Book
A handbook of generalized special functions for statistical and physical sciences
TL;DR: In this paper, the gamma function Bernoulli polynomials asymptotic expansions of gamma functions are discussed, as well as the Mellin transform density functions methods of deriving distributions.
Journal ArticleDOI
A distribution law for relative humidity in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere derived from three years of MOZAIC measurements
TL;DR: In this paper, a distribution law for the relative humidity in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere was derived from data from three years of MOZAIC measurements, showing that the probability of measuring a certain amount of ice supersaturation in the troposphere decreases exponentially with the degree of ice superaturation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homogeneous Ice Nucleation and Supercooled Liquid Water in Orographic Wave Clouds
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the role of homogeneous ice nucleation in cold lenticular wave clouds, a cloud type characterized by quasi-steady-state air motions and microphysical properties.
Homogeneous ice nucleation and supercooled liquid water in orographic wave clouds [presentation]
J. Heymsfield,M. Miloshevich +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated ice nucleation mechanisms in cold lenticular wave clouds, a cloud type characterized by quasi-steady-state air motions and microphysical properties.