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ORB-SLAM: a Versatile and Accurate Monocular SLAM System

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TLDR
A survival of the fittest strategy that selects the points and keyframes of the reconstruction leads to excellent robustness and generates a compact and trackable map that only grows if the scene content changes, allowing lifelong operation.
Abstract
This paper presents ORB-SLAM, a feature-based monocular SLAM system that operates in real time, in small and large, indoor and outdoor environments. The system is robust to severe motion clutter, allows wide baseline loop closing and relocalization, and includes full automatic initialization. Building on excellent algorithms of recent years, we designed from scratch a novel system that uses the same features for all SLAM tasks: tracking, mapping, relocalization, and loop closing. A survival of the fittest strategy that selects the points and keyframes of the reconstruction leads to excellent robustness and generates a compact and trackable map that only grows if the scene content changes, allowing lifelong operation. We present an exhaustive evaluation in 27 sequences from the most popular datasets. ORB-SLAM achieves unprecedented performance with respect to other state-of-the-art monocular SLAM approaches. For the benefit of the community, we make the source code public.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Loosely-Coupled Semi-Direct Monocular SLAM

TL;DR: A novel semi-direct approach for monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) that combines the complementary strengths of direct and feature-based methods and outperforms the state-of-the-art monocular odometry and SLAM systems in terms of overall accuracy and robustness.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Gaussian process estimation of odometry errors for localization and mapping

TL;DR: A novel approach to model odometry errors using Gaussian processes (GPs) is presented and it is shown that the approach enhances visual SLAM by efficiently computing image frames and effectively distributing keyframes.
Posted Content

SLAMBench2: Multi-Objective Head-to-Head Benchmarking for Visual SLAM

TL;DR: SLAMBench2 is a benchmarking framework to evaluate existing and future SLAM systems, both open and close source, over an extensible list of datasets, while using a comparable and clearly specified list of performance metrics.
Journal ArticleDOI

Development of a Human–Robot Hybrid Intelligent System Based on Brain Teleoperation and Deep Learning SLAM

TL;DR: A novel human–robot hybrid system incorporating a motor-imagery (MI)-based brain teleoperation control and a deep-learning-based active perception is developed in the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) framework, which is more efficient and robust than traditional SLAM.
Journal ArticleDOI

Optimized Self-Localization for SLAM in Dynamic Scenes Using Probability Hypothesis Density Filters

TL;DR: The proposed approach probabilistically anchors the observer state by fusing observer information inferred from the scene with reports of the observer motion, and generalizes existing Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD)-based SLAM algorithms.
References
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Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints

TL;DR: This paper presents a method for extracting distinctive invariant features from images that can be used to perform reliable matching between different views of an object or scene and can robustly identify objects among clutter and occlusion while achieving near real-time performance.

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SURF: speeded up robust features

TL;DR: A novel scale- and rotation-invariant interest point detector and descriptor, coined SURF (Speeded Up Robust Features), which approximates or even outperforms previously proposed schemes with respect to repeatability, distinctiveness, and robustness, yet can be computed and compared much faster.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

ORB: An efficient alternative to SIFT or SURF

TL;DR: This paper proposes a very fast binary descriptor based on BRIEF, called ORB, which is rotation invariant and resistant to noise, and demonstrates through experiments how ORB is at two orders of magnitude faster than SIFT, while performing as well in many situations.
Journal ArticleDOI

Vision meets robotics: The KITTI dataset

TL;DR: A novel dataset captured from a VW station wagon for use in mobile robotics and autonomous driving research, using a variety of sensor modalities such as high-resolution color and grayscale stereo cameras and a high-precision GPS/IMU inertial navigation system.
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