Oxidative stress impairs endothelial progenitor cell function.
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The various cell and flow-cytometric techniques used to define and isolate EPCs from circulating blood and the current human and mouse genetic data, which offer insights into redox control in EPC biology and angiogenesis are discussed.Abstract:
Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in adult human peripheral blood were identified in 1997. Since their original identification, EPCs have been extensively studied as biomarkers to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease in human subjects and as a potential cell therapeutic for vascular regeneration. EPCs are exposed to oxidative stress during vascular injury as residents of blood vessel walls or as circulating cells homing to sites of neovascularization. Given the links between oxidative injury, endothelial cell dysfunction, and vascular disease, recent investigation has focused on the responses of EPCs to oxidant stress and the molecular mechanisms that control redox regulation in these specialized cells. In this review, we discuss the various cell and flow-cytometric techniques used to define and isolate EPCs from circulating blood and the current human and mouse genetic data, which offer insights into redox control in EPC biology and angiogenesis. Finally, we review how EPC res...read more
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References
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Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis.
Takayuki Asahara,Toyoaki Murohara,Alison Sullivan,Marcy Silver,Rien van der Zee,Tong Li,Bernhard Witzenbichler,Gina C. Schatteman,Jeffrey M. Isner +8 more
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Mechanisms of angiogenesis
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Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of Oxidant Stress
Hua Cai,David G. Harrison +1 more
TL;DR: Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidant stress alters many functions of the endothelium, including modulation of vasomotor tone, and as the role of these various enzyme sources of ROS become clear, it will perhaps be possible to use more specific therapies to prevent their production and ultimately correct endothelial dysfunction.
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Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells, Vascular Function, and Cardiovascular Risk
Jonathan Hill,Gloria Zalos,Julian Halcox,William H. Schenke,Myron A. Waclawiw,Arshed A. Quyyumi,Toren Finkel +6 more
TL;DR: A strong correlation between the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells and the subjects' combined Framingham risk factor score was observed and measurement of flow-mediated brachial-artery reactivity revealed a signifi...
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NAD(P)H Oxidase: Role in Cardiovascular Biology and Disease
TL;DR: Vascular NAD(P)H oxidases have been found to be essential in the physiological response of vascular cells, including growth, migration, and modification of the extracellular matrix and have been linked to hypertension and to pathological states associated with uncontrolled growth and inflammation, such as atherosclerosis.