Journal ArticleDOI
Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in the hydrologic cycle
TLDR
In this article, the isotope fractionations that accompany the evaporation from the ocean and other surface waters and the reverse process of rain formation account for the most notable changes.Abstract:
Changes of the isotopic composition of water within the water cycle provide a recognizable signature, relating such water to the different phases of the cycle. The isotope fractionations that accompany the evaporation from the ocean and other surface waters and the reverse process of rain formation account for the most notable changes. As a result, meteoric waters are depleted in the heavy isotopic species of H and O relative to ocean waters, whereas waters in evaporative systems such as lakes, plants, and soilwaters are relatively enriched. During the passage through the aquifers, the isotope composition of water is essentially a conservative property at ambient temperatures, but at elevated temperatures, interaction with the rock matrix may perturb the isotope composition. These changes of the isotope composition in atmospheric waters, surface water, soil, and groundwaters, as well as in the biosphere, are applied in the characterization of hydrological system as well as indicators of paleo-climatological conditions in proxy materials in climatic archives, such as ice, lake sediments, or organic materials.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Stable Isotopes in Plant Ecology
TL;DR: How isotope measurements associated with the critical plant resources carbon, water, and nitrogen have helped deepen the understanding of plant-resource acquisition, plant interactions with other organisms, and the role of plants in ecosystem studies is reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sea-land oxygen isotopic relationships from planktonic foraminifera and speleothems in the Eastern Mediterranean region and their implication for paleorainfall during interglacial intervals
Miryam Bar-Matthews,Avner Ayalon,Mabs Gilmour,Alan Matthews,Chris J. Hawkesworth,Chris J. Hawkesworth +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new, accurately dated 250-kyr δ18O and δ13C record determined from speleothems of the Peqiin Cave, Northern Israel is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Palaeo-climate reconstruction from stable isotope variations in speleothems: a review
TL;DR: In this article, stable isotope studies in speleothems have shifted away from attempting to provide palaeo-temperature reconstructions to the attainable goal of providing precise estimates for the timing and duration of major O isotope-defined climatic events characterised by high signal to noise ratios (e.g. glacial/interglacial transitions, Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations, the ‘8200-year’ event).
Journal ArticleDOI
Distribution of oxygen-18 and deuterium in river waters across the United States†
Carol Kendall,Tyler B. Coplen +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, more than 4800, depth-and width-integrated, stream samples from 391 selected sites within the USGS National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) and Hydrologic Benchmark Network (HBN) were analyzed for δ18O and δ2H (http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/ofr/Ofr/of r00-160/pdf/Of r00 -160.pdf).
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Paleohydrology: Interpreting the Hydrogen-Isotopic Composition of Lipid Biomarkers from Photosynthesizing Organisms
Dirk Sachse,Isabelle Billault,Gabriel J. Bowen,Yoshito Chikaraishi,Todd E. Dawson,Sarah J. Feakins,Katherine H. Freeman,Clayton R. Magill,Francesca A. McInerney,Marcel T J van der Meer,Pratigya J. Polissar,Richard J. Robins,Julian P. Sachs,Hanns Ludwig Schmidt,Alex L. Sessions,James W. C. White,Jason B. West,Ansgar Kahmen +17 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the factors and processes that are known to influence the hydrogen-isotopic compositions of lipids from photosynthesizing organisms, and provide a framework for interpreting their D/H ratios from ancient sediments and identify future research opportunities.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Stable isotopes in precipitation
TL;DR: In this paper, the isotopic fractionation of water in simple condensation-evaporation processes is considered quantitatively on the basis of the fractionation factors given in section 1.2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isotopic Variations in Meteoric Waters
TL;DR: The relationship between deuterium and oxygen-18 concentrations in natural meteoric waters from many parts of the world has been determined with a mass spectrometer and shows a linear correlation over the entire range for waters which have not undergone excessive evaporation.
Book ChapterDOI
Isotopic Patterns in Modern Global Precipitation
TL;DR: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in cooperation with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), has been conducting a world-wide survey of hydrogen (H/'H) and oxygen (O/O) isotope composition of monthly precipitation since 1961.
Journal ArticleDOI
Standard for Reporting Concentrations of Deuterium and Oxygen-18 in Natural Waters.
TL;DR: A standard, based on the set of ocean water samples used by Epstein and Mayeda to obtain a reference standard for oxygen-18 data, but defined relative to the National Bureau of Standards isotopic reference water sample, is proposed for reporting both deuterium and oxygen- 18 variations in natural watersrelative to the same water.