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Journal ArticleDOI

Phase annealing in SHELX-90: direct methods for larger structures

George M. Sheldrick
- 01 Jun 1990 - 
- Vol. 46, Iss: 6, pp 467-473
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TLDR
In this article, a phase annealing method, related to the simulated-annealing approach in other optimization problems, is proposed and it is shown that it can result in an improvement of up to an order of magnitude in the chances of solving large structures at atomic resolution.
Abstract
A number of extensions to the multisolution approach to the crystallographic phase problem are discussed in which the negative quartet relations play an important role. A phase annealing method, related to the simulated annealing approach in other optimization problems, is proposed and it is shown that it can result in an improvement of up to an order of magnitude in the chances of solving large structures at atomic resolution. The ideas presented here are incorporated in the program system SHELX-90; the philosophical and mathematical background to the direct-methods part (SHELXS) of this system is described.

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Citations
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Synthesis and properties of a new kinetically stabilized digermyne: new insights for a germanium analogue of an alkyne.

TL;DR: The reduction of an overcrowded (E)-1,2-dibromodigermene, Bbt(Br)Ge=Ge( Br)Bbt (2) [Bbt = 2,6-bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]-4-[tris(trimsilyl]methyl]phenyl], with KC8 afforded a stable digermyne, BbbtGe[triple bond]GeBBT (1).
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An experimental and computational study on intramolecular charge transfer: a tetrathiafulvalene-fused dipyridophenazine molecule.

TL;DR: A tetrathiafulvalene-fused dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz) compound having inherent redox centers has been synthesized and structurally characterized and its electronic absorption, fluorescence emission, photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer, and electrochemical behavior have been investigated.
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The crystal structure of a hyperthermophilic archaeal TATA-box binding protein.

TL;DR: The structure reveals possible explanations for this thermostability and these unusual DNA binding properties of P. woesei TBP and the total reliance on a hydrophobic interface with DNA may explain the enhanced affinity of PwTBP for its DNA promoter at higher temperatures and increased salt concentration.
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Post-synthetic structural processing in a metal-organic framework material as a mechanism for exceptional CO2/N2 selectivity.

TL;DR: This exceptional separation performance is associated with a moderate adsorption enthalpy and therefore an expected low energy cost for regeneration.
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Binuclear iron-sulfur complexes with bidentate phosphine ligands as active site models of Fe-hydrogenase and their catalytic proton reduction.

TL;DR: Electrochemical studies show that the complexes 3, 4, and 9 catalyze the reduction of protons to molecular hydrogen, with 4 electrolyzed already at -1.40 V versus Ag/AgNO3 (-1.0 V vs NHE).
References
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Book

Crystallographic Computing 3: Data Collection, Structure Determination, Proteins and Databases

TL;DR: The latest in a series on crystallographic computing, this collection of 33 papers covers the full spectrum of computer applications in crystallography, including the use of micro-, mini-, and mainframe computers.