Journal ArticleDOI
Phosphoinositides: Tiny Lipids With Giant Impact on Cell Regulation
TLDR
This review is an attempt to give an overview of this enormous research field focusing on major developments in diverse areas of basic science linked to cellular physiology and disease.Abstract:
Phosphoinositides (PIs) make up only a small fraction of cellular phospholipids, yet they control almost all aspects of a cell's life and death. These lipids gained tremendous research interest as plasma membrane signaling molecules when discovered in the 1970s and 1980s. Research in the last 15 years has added a wide range of biological processes regulated by PIs, turning these lipids into one of the most universal signaling entities in eukaryotic cells. PIs control organelle biology by regulating vesicular trafficking, but they also modulate lipid distribution and metabolism via their close relationship with lipid transfer proteins. PIs regulate ion channels, pumps, and transporters and control both endocytic and exocytic processes. The nuclear phosphoinositides have grown from being an epiphenomenon to a research area of its own. As expected from such pleiotropic regulators, derangements of phosphoinositide metabolism are responsible for a number of human diseases ranging from rare genetic disorders to the most common ones such as cancer, obesity, and diabetes. Moreover, it is increasingly evident that a number of infectious agents hijack the PI regulatory systems of host cells for their intracellular movements, replication, and assembly. As a result, PI converting enzymes began to be noticed by pharmaceutical companies as potential therapeutic targets. This review is an attempt to give an overview of this enormous research field focusing on major developments in diverse areas of basic science linked to cellular physiology and disease.read more
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Lipid signalling in plant responses to abiotic stress.
TL;DR: This review focuses on the generation of signalling lipids and their involvement in response to abiotic stress, and describes lipid-binding proteins in the context of changing environmental conditions to determine lipid-protein interactions, crucial for deciphering the signalling cascades.
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A novel probe for phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate reveals multiple pools beyond the Golgi
TL;DR: Characterization of a new biosensor for PtdIns4P reveals a wider cellular distribution for the polyphosphoinositide than the Golgi localization reported previously, including pools in both the plasma membrane and late endosomes/lysosomes.
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Quantitative analysis of mammalian GIRK2 channel regulation by G proteins, the signaling lipid PIP2 and Na+ in a reconstituted system
TL;DR: The dual requirement for Gβγ and PIP2 can help to explain why GIRK2 is activated by Gi/o, but not Gq coupled GPCRs.
Journal ArticleDOI
The functional universe of membrane contact sites.
TL;DR: In the past decade, it is has become clear that Membrane Contact Sites (MCSs) have a much broader range of critical roles in cells than was initially thought as mentioned in this paper, and functions for MCSs in intracellular signalling such as autophagy, lipid metabolism, membrane dynamics, cellular stress responses and organelle trafficking and biogenesis have been reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant cell-surface GIPC sphingolipids sense salt to trigger Ca 2+ influx
Zhonghao Jiang,Xiaoping Zhou,Ming Tao,Fang Yuan,Fang Yuan,Lulu Liu,Lulu Liu,Fei-Hua Wu,Fei-Hua Wu,Fei-Hua Wu,Xiaomei Wu,Yun Xiang,Yue Niu,Feng Liu,Chijun Li,Rui Ye,Benjamin Byeon,Yan Xue,Hongyan Zhao,Hsin-Neng Wang,Bridget M. Crawford,Douglas M. Johnson,Chanxing Hu,Christopher Pei,Wenming Zhou,G. Swift,Han Zhang,Tuan Vo-Dinh,Zhangli Hu,James N. Siedow,Zhen-Ming Pei +30 more
TL;DR: This work isolated the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant monocation-induced [Ca2+]iincreases 1 (moca1), and identified MOCA1 as a glucuronosyltransferase for glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramide (GIPC) sphingolipids in the plasma membrane that triggers responses to excess salt such as efflux of sodium ions from cells.
References
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mTOR Signaling in Growth Control and Disease
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Journal ArticleDOI
mTOR signaling in growth control and disease.
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