Journal ArticleDOI
Photosynthesis is improved by exogenous glycinebetaine in salt-stressed maize plants
TLDR
In this paper, the effects of exogenous application of glycinebetaine (GB) (10 mM) on growth, leaf water content, water use efficiency, photosynthetic gas exchange, and photosystem II photochemistry were investigated in maize plants subjected to salt stress (50 and 100 mM NaCI).Abstract:
The effects of exogenous application of glycinebetaine (GB) (10 mM) on growth, leaf water content, water use efficiency, photosynthetic gas exchange, and photosystem II photochemistry were investigated in maize plants subjected to salt stress (50 and 100 mM NaCI) Salt stress resulted in the decrease in growth and leaf relative water content as well as net photosynthesis and the apparent quantum yield of photosynthesis Stomatal conductance, evaporation rate, and water use efficiency were decreased in salt-stressed plants Salt stress also caused a decrease in the actual efficiency of PSII (Φ PSII ), the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PSII reaction centers (F v '/F m '), and the coefficients of photochemical quenching (qp) but caused an increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) Salt stress showed no effects on the maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry (F v /F m ) On the other hand, in salt-stressed plants, GB application improved growth, leaf water content, net photosynthesis, and the apparent quantum yield of photosynthesis GB application also increased stomatal conductance, leaf evaporation rate, and water use efficiency In addition, GB application increased Φ PSII , F v '/F m ', and qp but decreased NPQ However, GB application showed no effects on F v /F m These results suggest that photosynthesis was improved by GB application in salt-stressed plants and such an improvement was associated with an improvement in stomatal conductance and the actual PSII efficiencyread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance
Muhammad Ashraf,Majid R. Foolad +1 more
TL;DR: In this review article, numerous examples of successful application of these compounds to improve plant stress tolerance are presented and a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of exogenously applied GB and proline is expected to aid their effective utilization in crop production in stress environments.
Book ChapterDOI
Mechanisms of high salinity tolerance in plants.
TL;DR: Roles of various ion pumps, calcium, SOS pathways, ABA, transcription factors, mitogen-activated protein kinases, glycine betaine, proline, reactive oxygen species, and DEAD-box helicases in salinity stress tolerance are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt stress and phyto-biochemical responses of plants - a review
A Parvaiz,S Satyawati +1 more
TL;DR: There is a need to determine the underlying biochemical mechanisms of salinity tolerance so as to provide plant breeders with appropriate indicators, and the possibility of using these biochemical characteristics as selection criteria for salt tolerance is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt stress in maize: effects, resistance mechanisms, and management. A review
Muhammad Farooq,Muhammad Farooq,Muhammad Farooq,Mubshar Hussain,Abdul Wakeel,Kadambot H. M. Siddique +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects, resistance mechanisms, and management of salt stress in maize are reviewed, and the main conclusions are as follows: (1) germination and stand establishment are more sensitive to salt stress than later developmental stages; therefore, soil salinity is a serious threat to its production worldwide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Up-regulation of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems by exogenous glycinebetaine and proline in mung bean confer tolerance to cadmium stress
Mohammad Anwar Hossain,Mohammad Anwar Hossain,Mirza Hasanuzzaman,Mirza Hasanuzzaman,Masayuki Fujita +4 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that both betaine and proline provide a protective action against Cd-induced oxidative stress by reducing H2O2 and lipid peroxidation levels and by increasing the antioxidant defense and MG detoxification systems.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence
TL;DR: In this article, the quantum yield of non-cyclic electron transport was found to be directly proportional to the product of the photochemical fluorescence quenching (qQ) and the efficiency of excitation capture by open Photosystem II (PS II) reaction centres (Fv/Fm).
Journal ArticleDOI
The use of chlorophyll fluorescence nomenclature in plant stress physiology.
O. van Kooten,Jan Snel +1 more
TL;DR: The present "renaissance" of chlorophyll fluorescence may be the product of a fruitful dynamic interaction between three different research disciplines, i.e., basic and applied research linked to new developments in instrumentation and methodology.
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Regulation of light harvesting in green plants
TL;DR: It is shown how the dynamic properties of the proteins and pigments of the chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II first enable the level of excitation energy to be sensed via the thylakoid proton gradient and subsequently allow excessEnergy to be dissipated as heat by formation of a nonphotochemical quencher.
Journal ArticleDOI
Root Signals and the Regulation of Growth and Development of Plants in Drying Soil
William J. Davies,Jianhua Zhang +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Whole-plant responses to salinity
Rana Munns,Annie Termaat +1 more
TL;DR: This paper discusses whole-plant responses to salinity in order to answer the question of what process limits growth of non-halophytes in saline soils and suggests that a message from the root is regulating leaf expansion.
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