Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma and CSF tryptophan in cancer anorexia
C. Cangiano,Antonia Cascino,Fabrizio Ceci,Alessandro Laviano,M. Mulieri,Maurizio Muscaritoli,Filippo Rossi-Fanelli +6 more
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TLDR
In case of patients with cancer anorexia a significant rise of the ratio in plasma between free and tryptophan/large neutral amino acids, competing with tryPTophan for its brain entry, was observed, suggesting a specific role of the serotoninergic system in the pathogenesis of cancerAnorexia.Abstract:
Eighteen untreated cancer patients and ten sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers were studied. In all patients eating behavior was investigated by means of a specific questionnaire from which the presence of anorexia and anorexia-related symptoms was assessed. To investigate the role of tryptophan in cancer anorexia, fasting plasma and CSF levels of tryptophan and other neutral amino acids were assayed in patients and controls. Cancer patients showed abnormally high plasma free tryptophan levels. In case of patients with cancer anorexia a significant rise of the ratio in plasma between free and tryptophan/large neutral amino acids, competing with tryptophan for its brain entry, was observed. This increase was correlated to a consistent rise of CSF tryptophan levels suggesting a specific role of the serotoninergic system in the pathogenesis of cancer anorexia.read more
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Hypothalamic dopamine and serotonin in the regulation of food intake
Michael M. Meguid,Sergueï O. Fetissov,Madhu Varma,Tomoi Sato,Lihua Zhang,Alessandro Laviano,Filippo Rossi-Fanelli +6 more
TL;DR: Conceptual models are proposed concerning an "afferent-efferent neurotransmitter unit," with facilitatory or inhibitory neuropeptide properties to generate an appropriate neuroendocrine and neuronal response that ultimately modifies food intake, and a schema integrating the onset mechanism of cancer anorexia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma protein (albumin) catabolism by the tumor itself--implications for tumor metabolism and the genesis of cachexia.
Gerd Stehle,Gerd Stehle,Hannsjörg Sinn,A. Wunder,Hans Hermann Schrenk,J.Charles M. Stewart,Gernot Hartung,Wolfgang Maier-Borst,Dieter L. Heene +8 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Models of accelerated sarcopenia: critical pieces for solving the puzzle of age-related muscle atrophy.
Thomas W. Buford,Stephen D. Anton,Andrew Judge,Emanuele Marzetti,Stephanie E. Wohlgemuth,Christy S. Carter,Christiaan Leeuwenburgh,Marco Pahor,Todd M. Manini +8 more
TL;DR: This review discusses how factors common to older individuals such as cancer, kidney disease, diabetes, and peripheral artery disease affect systemic and cellular mechanisms that contribute to skeletal muscle atrophy and describes gaps in the literature concerning the role of these factors in accelerating sarcopenia progression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Serum tryptophan decrease correlates with immune activation and impaired quality of life in colorectal cancer
TL;DR: A role for interferon-γ-mediated serum tryptophan decrease in cancer-induced quality of life deterioration is supported in patients with colorectal liver metastases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer anorexia: clinical implications, pathogenesis, and therapeutic strategies
TL;DR: In this article, the authors suggest that cytokines have a vital role, triggering the complex neurochemical cascade which leads to the onset of cancer anorexia, and the optimum therapeutic approach to anorectic cancer patients should include changes in dietary habits, achieved via nutritional counselling, and drug therapy, aimed at interfering with cytokine expression or hypothalamic monoaminergic neurotransmission.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromcresol green
TL;DR: The results by this method agree very well with those obtained by electrophoresis and salt fractionation and the method is simple, it has excellent precision and the reagents are stable.
Journal Article
Hypothalamic control of food intake in rats and cats.
B.K. Anand,John R. Brobeck +1 more
TL;DR: The present investigation was undertaken as an attempt to localize in the hypothalamus the areas the destruction of which leads to diminution or failure of eating with emaciation, as destruction of certain other areas leads to overeating and obesity.
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The determination of tryptophan in plasma, liver, and urine.
TL;DR: The specificity of the method is such that, of the compounds tested, only tryptamine produces appreciable fluorescence: one tenth of the molar fluorescence of tryptophan.
Journal ArticleDOI
An easy colorimetric micromethod for routine determination of free fatty acids in plasma
K. Falholt,B. Lund,W. Falholt +2 more
TL;DR: The extraction medium used contains chloroform-heptane-methanol mixture with a phosphate buffer gives a sufficient extraction of FFA from serum and contamination with interfering agents is avoided.