Journal ArticleDOI
Plate tectonics in the classification of personality disorder: shifting to a dimensional model.
TLDR
It may be time to consider a shift to a dimensional classification of personality disorder that would help address the failures of the existing diagnostic categories as well as contribute to an integration of the psychiatric diagnostic manual with psychology's research on general personality structure.Abstract:
The diagnostic categories of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders were developed in the spirit of a traditional medical model that considers mental disorders to be qualitatively distinct conditions (see, e.g., American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Work is now beginning on the fifth edition of this influential diagnostic manual. It is perhaps time to consider a fundamental shift in how psychopathology is conceptualized and diagnosed. More specifically, it may be time to consider a shift to a dimensional classification of personality disorder that would help address the failures of the existing diagnostic categories as well as contribute to an integration of the psychiatric diagnostic manual with psychology's research on general personality structure.read more
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The hierarchical structure and construct validity of the PID-5 trait measure in adolescence
Barbara De Clercq,Filip De Fruyt,Marleen De Bolle,Alain Van Hiel,Kristian E. Markon,Robert F. Krueger +5 more
Abstract: The DSM-5 may be the first edition that enables a developmental perspective on personality disorders because of its proposal to include a trait assessment in the Axis II section. The current study explores the reliability, structure, and construct validity of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson, & Skodol, 2012) in adolescents, a measure that assesses the proposed DSM-5 traits. A community sample of Flemish adolescents (N = 434; 44.7% male) provided self-reports on the PID-5 and the Dimensional Personality Symptom Itempool (DIPSI; De Clercq, De Fruyt, Van Leeuwen, & Mervielde, 2006). Results indicate an acceptable reliability for the majority of the PID-5 facets and a tendency toward structural convergence of the adolescent PID-5 structure with the adult proposal. Convergent validity with age-specific facets of personality pathology was generally supported, but discriminant validity appeared to be low. Beyond the findings that support the applicability of the PID-5 in adolescents, developmental issues may be responsible for specific differences in the adolescent PID-5 structure, the rather poor discriminant validity of the PID-5, and the lower reliability of a small number of PID-5 facets. These results indicate that further research on the validity of the PID-5 in younger age groups is required.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive analytic therapy for personality disorder: randomised controlled trial.
TL;DR: Cognitive analytic therapy is more effective than TAU in improving outcomes associated with personality disorder and more elaborate and controlled evaluations of CAT are needed in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Personality Disorders and Physical Health: A Longitudinal Examination of Physical Functioning, Healthcare Utilization, and Health-Related Behaviors in Middle-Aged Adults
TL;DR: It is found that disordered personality was significantly predictive of worse physical functioning, role limitations, fatigue, and pain at both time points, even when current health problems, the presence of depression, and health behaviors were controlled.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Multidimensional Approach to Apathy after Traumatic Brain Injury
Annabelle Arnould,Lucien Rochat,Philippe Azouvi,Martial Van der Linden,Martial Van der Linden +4 more
TL;DR: A new multidimensional framework is proposed that takes into account the various mechanisms at play in the facets of apathy, including not only cognitive factors, especially executive, but also affective factors and aspects related to personal identity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Personality Disorders in DSM-5: Emerging Research on the Alternative Model
TL;DR: An overview of the emerging research on this alternative model of personality disorders is provided, addressing each of the primary components of the model.
References
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Journal Article
[Affective disorders in the fourth edition of the classification of mental disorders prepared by the American Psychiatric Association -- diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders].
Journal ArticleDOI
Construct validity in psychological tests.
Lee J. Cronbach,Paul E. Meehl +1 more
TL;DR: The present interpretation of construct validity is not "official" and deals with some areas where the Committee would probably not be unanimous, but the present writers are solely responsible for this attempt to explain the concept and elaborate its implications.