Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2016
Matthew J. Maenner,Kelly A Shaw,Jon Baio,Anita Washington,Mary E. Patrick,Monica DiRienzo,Deborah Christensen,Lisa D. Wiggins,Sydney Pettygrove,Jennifer Andrews,Maya Lopez,Allison Hudson,Thaer Baroud,Yvette D Schwenk,Tiffany White,Cordelia Robinson Rosenberg,Li Ching Lee,Rebecca A. Harrington,Margaret Huston,Amy Hewitt,Amy Esler,Jennifer Hall-Lande,Jenny N. Poynter,Libby Hallas-Muchow,John N. Constantino,Robert T. Fitzgerald,Walter Zahorodny,Josephine Shenouda,Julie L. Daniels,Zachary Warren,Alison Vehorn,Angelica Salinas,Maureen S. Durkin,Patricia M. Dietz +33 more
- Vol. 69, Iss: 4, pp 1-12
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The prevalence of ASD varied considerably across sites and was higher than previous estimates since 2014, highlighting the variability in the evaluation and detection of ASD across communities and between sociodemographic groups.Abstract:
Problem/condition Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Period covered 2016. Description of system The Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network is an active surveillance program that provides estimates of the prevalence of ASD among children aged 8 years whose parents or guardians live in 11 ADDM Network sites in the United States (Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Wisconsin). Surveillance is conducted in two phases. The first phase involves review and abstraction of comprehensive evaluations that were completed by medical and educational service providers in the community. In the second phase, experienced clinicians who systematically review all abstracted information determine ASD case status. The case definition is based on ASD criteria described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Results For 2016, across all 11 sites, ASD prevalence was 18.5 per 1,000 (one in 54) children aged 8 years, and ASD was 4.3 times as prevalent among boys as among girls. ASD prevalence varied by site, ranging from 13.1 (Colorado) to 31.4 (New Jersey). Prevalence estimates were approximately identical for non-Hispanic white (white), non-Hispanic black (black), and Asian/Pacific Islander children (18.5, 18.3, and 17.9, respectively) but lower for Hispanic children (15.4). Among children with ASD for whom data on intellectual or cognitive functioning were available, 33% were classified as having intellectual disability (intelligence quotient [IQ] ≤70); this percentage was higher among girls than boys (39% versus 32%) and among black and Hispanic than white children (47%, 36%, and 27%, respectively) [corrected]. Black children with ASD were less likely to have a first evaluation by age 36 months than were white children with ASD (40% versus 45%). The overall median age at earliest known ASD diagnosis (51 months) was similar by sex and racial and ethnic groups; however, black children with IQ ≤70 had a later median age at ASD diagnosis than white children with IQ ≤70 (48 months versus 42 months). Interpretation The prevalence of ASD varied considerably across sites and was higher than previous estimates since 2014. Although no overall difference in ASD prevalence between black and white children aged 8 years was observed, the disparities for black children persisted in early evaluation and diagnosis of ASD. Hispanic children also continue to be identified as having ASD less frequently than white or black children. Public health action These findings highlight the variability in the evaluation and detection of ASD across communities and between sociodemographic groups. Continued efforts are needed for early and equitable identification of ASD and timely enrollment in services.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of telehealth for facilitating the diagnostic assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A scoping review
Manahil Alfuraydan,Manahil Alfuraydan,Jodie Croxall,Lisa Hurt,Michael Patrick Kerr,Sinead Brophy +5 more
TL;DR: Finding there to be high agreement in terms of the diagnosis between remote methods and face to face methods and with high levels of satisfaction among the families and clinicians suggests that there is potential for telehealth methods to improve access to assessment and diagnosis of ASD used in conjunction with existing methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alterations in GABAA-Receptor Trafficking and Synaptic Dysfunction in Brain Disorders.
TL;DR: How similar molecular mechanisms affecting the synaptic distribution of GABAAR and consequently the excitatory/inhibitory balance may be associated with a wide diversity of pathologies of the CNS, from psychiatric disorders to acute alterations leading to neuronal death is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring brain functions in autism spectrum disorder : a systematic review on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies
Fen Zhang,Herbert Roeyers +1 more
TL;DR: Thirty empirical studies using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in individuals with ASD or in infants with a high risk of developing ASD are reviewed, suggesting that fNIRS is a promising tool to explore neurodevelopment in ASD from an early age.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of the Early Start Denver Model for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
TL;DR: This meta-analysis examined the effects of the Early Start Denver Model for young children with autism on developmental outcome measures and found no significant effects observed for measures of autism symptomology, adaptive behavior, social communication, or restrictive and repetitive behaviors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autism Disparities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Ethnography of Qualitative Research.
Jennifer S. Singh,Garrett Bunyak +1 more
TL;DR: A systematic review of peer-reviewed qualitative research conducted from 2010 to 2016 in the United States that investigates autism disparities experienced by marginalized communities identified three interdependent themes contributing to autism disparities, including familial, cultural, and structural barriers.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Vijay A. Mittal,Elaine F. Walker +1 more
TL;DR: An issue concerning the criteria for tic disorders is highlighted, and how this might affect classification of dyskinesias in psychotic spectrum disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2014
Jon Baio,Lisa D. Wiggins,Deborah Christensen,Matthew J. Maenner,Julie L. Daniels,Zachary Warren,Margaret Kurzius-Spencer,Walter Zahorodny,Cordelia Robinson Rosenberg,Tiffany White,Maureen S. Durkin,Pamela Imm,Loizos Nikolaou,Loizos Nikolaou,Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp,Li-Ching Lee,Rebecca A. Harrington,Maya Lopez,Robert T. Fitzgerald,P Amy Hewitt,Sydney Pettygrove,John N. Constantino,Alison Vehorn,Josephine Shenouda,Jennifer Hall-Lande,Kim Van Naarden Braun,Nicole F. Dowling +26 more
TL;DR: This report provides updated ASD prevalence estimates for children aged 8 years during the 2014 surveillance year, on the basis of DSM-IV-TR criteria, and describes characteristics of the population of children with ASD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Randomized, Controlled Trial of an Intervention for Toddlers With Autism: The Early Start Denver Model
Geraldine Dawson,Sally J. Rogers,Jeffrey Munson,Milani Smith,Jamie Winter,Jessica Greenson,Amy L. Donaldson,Jennifer A. Varley +7 more
TL;DR: This is the first randomized, controlled trial to demonstrate the efficacy of a comprehensive developmental behavioral intervention for toddlers with ASD for improving cognitive and adaptive behavior and reducing severity of ASD diagnosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and Evaluation of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
TL;DR: This report addresses background information, including definition, history, epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, early signs, neuropathologic aspects, and etiologic possibilities in autism spectrum disorders, and provides an algorithm to help the pediatrician develop a strategy for early identification of children with autism Spectrum disorders.
Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 14 sites, United States, 2008
TL;DR: This report provides updated ASD prevalence estimates from the 2008 surveillance year, representing 14 ADDM areas in the United States and characteristics of the population of children with ASDs are described, as well as detailed comparisons of the 2008 findings with those for the 2002 and 2006 surveillance years.
Related Papers (5)
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2014
Jon Baio,Lisa D. Wiggins,Deborah Christensen,Matthew J. Maenner,Julie L. Daniels,Zachary Warren,Margaret Kurzius-Spencer,Walter Zahorodny,Cordelia Robinson Rosenberg,Tiffany White,Maureen S. Durkin,Pamela Imm,Loizos Nikolaou,Loizos Nikolaou,Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp,Li-Ching Lee,Rebecca A. Harrington,Maya Lopez,Robert T. Fitzgerald,P Amy Hewitt,Sydney Pettygrove,John N. Constantino,Alison Vehorn,Josephine Shenouda,Jennifer Hall-Lande,Kim Van Naarden Braun,Nicole F. Dowling +26 more