Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum theory, the Church-Turing principle and the universal quantum computer
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In this paper, it is argued that underlying the Church-Turing hypothesis there is an implicit physical assertion: every finitely realizable physical system can be perfectly simulated by a universal model computing machine operating by finite means.Abstract:
It is argued that underlying the Church-Turing hypothesis there is an implicit physical assertion. Here, this assertion is presented explicitly as a physical principle: ‘every finitely realizable physical system can be perfectly simulated by a universal model computing machine operating by finite means’. Classical physics and the universal Turing machine, because the former is continuous and the latter discrete, do not obey the principle, at least in the strong form above. A class of model computing machines that is the quantum generalization of the class of Turing machines is described, and it is shown that quantum theory and the ‘universal quantum computer’ are compatible with the principle. Computing machines resembling the universal quantum computer could, in principle, be built and would have many remarkable properties not reproducible by any Turing machine. These do not include the computation of non-recursive functions, but they do include ‘quantum parallelism’, a method by which certain probabilistic tasks can be performed faster by a universal quantum computer than by any classical restriction of it. The intuitive explanation of these properties places an intolerable strain on all interpretations of quantum theory other than Everett’s. Some of the numerous connections between the quantum theory of computation and the rest of physics are explored. Quantum complexity theory allows a physically more reasonable definition of the ‘complexity’ or ‘knowledge’ in a physical system than does classical complexity theory.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Digital-analog quantum computation
A. Parra-Rodriguez,Pavel Lougovski,Lucas Lamata,Lucas Lamata,Enrique Solano,Enrique Solano,Enrique Solano,Mikel Sanz +7 more
TL;DR: The proposed DAQC approach combines the robustness of analog quantum computing with the flexibility of digital methods, and proves the universal character of the ubiquitous Ising Hamiltonian.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum many-body theory for electron spin decoherence in nanoscale nuclear spin baths
Wen Yang,Wen-Long Ma,Ren-Bao Liu +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, a truncated cluster correlation expansion theory has been developed to account for the many-body correlations in nanoscale nuclear spin baths that are built up during the electron spin decoherence.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Quantum computing for beginners
TL;DR: The aim is not to provide a formal exposition of quantum computing but to identify its novelty and potential use in tackling NP-hard problems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum image encryption based on restricted geometric and color transformations
TL;DR: Experiments conducted on statistical analysis demonstrate that significant improvements in the results are in favor of the proposed approach, which comprises efficient permutation and diffusion properties for quantum image encryption.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-fidelity operation of quantum photonic circuits
Anthony Laing,Alberto Peruzzo,Alberto Politi,Maria Rodas Verde,M. Halder,Timothy C. Ralph,Mark G. Thompson,Jeremy L. O'Brien +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate photonic quantum circuits that operate at the stringent levels that will be required for future quantum information science and technology and demonstrate non-classical interference with two photons and a two-photon entangling logic gate that operate with near unit fidelity.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Black holes and entropy
TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of black-hole entropy was introduced as a measure of information about a black hole interior which is inaccessible to an exterior observer, and it was shown that the entropy is equal to the ratio of the black hole area to the square of the Planck length times a dimensionless constant of order unity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors apply Godel's seminal contribution to modern mathematics to the study of the human mind and the development of artificial intelligence, and apply it to the case of artificial neural networks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Universal upper bound on the entropy-to-energy ratio for bounded systems
TL;DR: For systems with negligible self-gravity, the bound follows from application of the second law of thermodynamics to a gedanken experiment involving a black hole as discussed by the authors, and it is shown that black holes have the maximum entropy for given mass and size which is allowed by quantum theory and general relativity.