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Removal of antibiotics in conventional and advanced wastewater treatment: implications for environmental discharge and wastewater recycling.

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TLDR
Certain traditional parameters, including nitrate concentration, conductivity and turbidity of the effluent were assessed as predictors of total antibiotic concentration, however only conductivity demonstrated any correlation with total antibiotics concentration.
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This article is published in Water Research.The article was published on 2007-10-01. It has received 991 citations till now.

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Comprehensive evaluation of antibiotics emission and fate in the river basins of China: source analysis, multimedia modeling, and linkage to bacterial resistance.

TL;DR: This is the first comprehensive study which demonstrates an alarming usage and emission of various antibiotics in China and the bacterial resistance rates in the hospitals and aquatic environments were found to be related to the PECs and antibiotic usages, especially for those antibiotics used in the most recent period.
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Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in urban wastewater: Removal, mass load and environmental risk after a secondary treatment—A review

TL;DR: This analysis shows that the highest amounts discharged through secondary effluent pertain to one antihypertensive, and several beta-blockers and analgesics/anti-inflammatories, while the highest risk is posed by antibiotics and several psychiatric drugs and analgesic/ anti- inflammatories.
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Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for the release of antibiotics in the environment: a review

TL;DR: The aim of the present paper is to critically review the fate and removal of various antibiotics in wastewater treatment, focusing on different processes (i.e. biological processes, advanced treatment technologies and disinfection) in view of the current concerns related to the induction of toxic effects in aquatic and terrestrial organisms.
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Environmental pollution by antibiotics and by antibiotic resistance determinants

TL;DR: The impact that pollution by antibiotics or by antibiotic resistance genes may have for both human health and for the evolution of environmental microbial populations is reviewed.
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Pharmaceuticals of Emerging Concern in Aquatic Systems: Chemistry, Occurrence, Effects, and Removal Methods.

TL;DR: Adsorption technologies are a low-cost alternative, easily used in developing countries where there is a dearth of advanced technologies, skilled personnel, and available capital, and adsorption appears to be the most broadly feasible pharmaceutical removal method.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999-2000: a national reconnaissance.

TL;DR: The U.S. Geological Survey used five newly developed analytical methods to measure concentrations of 95 organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) in water samples from a network of 139 streams across 30 states during 1999 and 2000 as mentioned in this paper.
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Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: agents of subtle change?

TL;DR: This review attempts to synthesize the literature on environmental origin, distribution/occurrence, and effects and to catalyze a more focused discussion in the environmental science community.
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Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers

Thomas A. Ternes
- 01 Nov 1998 - 
TL;DR: In this article, the occurrence of 32 drug residues belonging to different medicinal classes like antiphlogistics, lipid regulators, psychiatric drugs, antiepileptic drugs, betablockers and β 2 -sympathomimetics as well as five metabolites has been investigated in German municipal sewage treatment plant (STP) discharges, river and stream waters.
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Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment: a review of recent research data

TL;DR: Several PhACs from various prescription classes have been found at concentrations up to the microg/l-level in sewage influent and effluent samples and also in several surface waters located downstream from municipal sewage treatment plants (STPs).
Journal ArticleDOI

Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment.

TL;DR: From the large number of ground water samples that were taken from agricultural areas in Germany, no contamination by antibiotics was detected except for two sites, which indicates that intake from veterinary applications to the aquatic environment is of minor importance.
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