Resilience and efficiency in transportation networks
Alexander A. Ganin,Alexander A. Ganin,Maksim Kitsak,Dayton Marchese,Jeffrey M. Keisler,Thomas P. Seager,Igor Linkov +6 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that many urban road systems that operate inefficiently under normal conditions are nevertheless resilient to disruption, whereas some more efficient cities are more fragile, and resilience, not just efficiency, should be considered explicitly in roadway project selection and justify investment opportunities related to disaster and other disruptions.Abstract:
Urban transportation systems are vulnerable to congestion, accidents, weather, special events, and other costly delays. Whereas typical policy responses prioritize reduction of delays under normal conditions to improve the efficiency of urban road systems, analytic support for investments that improve resilience (defined as system recovery from additional disruptions) is still scarce. In this effort, we represent paved roads as a transportation network by mapping intersections to nodes and road segments between the intersections to links. We built road networks for 40 of the urban areas defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. We developed and calibrated a model to evaluate traffic delays using link loads. The loads may be regarded as traffic-based centrality measures, estimating the number of individuals using corresponding road segments. Efficiency was estimated as the average annual delay per peak-period auto commuter, and modeled results were found to be close to observed data, with the notable exception of New York City. Resilience was estimated as the change in efficiency resulting from roadway disruptions and was found to vary between cities, with increased delays due to a 5% random loss of road linkages ranging from 9.5% in Los Angeles to 56.0% in San Francisco. The results demonstrate that many urban road systems that operate inefficiently under normal conditions are nevertheless resilient to disruption, whereas some more efficient cities are more fragile. The implication is that resilience, not just efficiency, should be considered explicitly in roadway project selection and justify investment opportunities related to disaster and other disruptions.read more
Citations
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Trends and applications of resilience analytics in supply chain modeling: systematic literature review in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
TL;DR: It is concluded that a comprehensive approach to network resilience quantification encompassing the supply chain in the context of other social and physical networks is needed to address the emerging challenges in the field.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Resilience of Sustainable Mobility in Sicily
Tiziana Campisi,Socrates Basbas,Anastasios Skoufas,Nurten Akgün,Dario Ticali,Giovanni Tesoriere +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on road users' perceptions, needs, and use of sustainable travel modes (i.e., public transport, walking, and cycling) was investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bouncing forward: a resilience approach to dealing with COVID-19 and future systemic shocks.
TL;DR: This paper reviews the impact of COVID-19 on socioeconomic systems, discusses the notion of resilience, and provides specific recommendations on both integrating resilience analytics for recovery from the current crisis as well as on building resilient infrastructure to address future systemic challenges.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tiered Approach to Resilience Assessment.
Igor Linkov,Cate Fox-Lent,Laura Read,Craig R. Allen,James C. Arnott,Emanuele Bellini,Jon Coaffee,Marie-Valentine Florin,Kirk Hatfield,Iain Hyde,William Hynes,A. Jovanovic,Roger E. Kasperson,John Katzenberger,Patrick W. Keys,Patrick W. Keys,James H. Lambert,Richard H. Moss,Peter S. Murdoch,José Manuel Palma-Oliveira,Roger S. Pulwarty,Dale Sands,Edward A. Thomas,Mari R. Tye,David D. Woods +24 more
TL;DR: The resilience management framework proposed is not intended to supplant either risk management or the many existing efforts of resilience quantification method development, but instead provide a guide to selecting tools that are appropriate for the given analytic need.
Journal ArticleDOI
Resilience in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
Alexander A. Ganin,Alexander A. Ganin,Avi Chaim Mersky,Andrew S. Jin,Maksim Kitsak,Jeffrey M. Keisler,Igor Linkov +6 more
TL;DR: A study of network efficiency and resilience in response to random and targeted disruptions of ITS systems in 10 urban areas found locking traffic signal states was found to cause more disruption than fully disabling signals.
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