Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics
TLDR
It is shown that the variation of the model parameters allows to describe different types of behaviour, from regular to panic, in simulations of evacuation processes using a recently introduced cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics.Abstract:
We present simulations of evacuation processes using a recently introduced cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics. This model applies a bionics approach to describe the interaction between the pedestrians using ideas from chemotaxis. Here we study a rather simple situation, namely the evacuation from a large room with one or two doors. It is shown that the variation of the model parameters allows to describe different types of behaviour, from regular to panic. We find a non-monotonic dependence of the evacuation times on the coupling constants. These times depend on the strength of the herding behaviour, with minimal evacuation times for some intermediate values of the couplings, i.e., a proper combination of herding and use of knowledge about the shortest way to the exit.read more
Citations
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Continuum crowds
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Evacuation Dynamics: Empirical Results, Modeling and Applications
Andreas Schadschneider,Wolfram Klingsch,Hubert Kluepfel,Tobias Kretz,Christian Rogsch,Armin Seyfried +5 more
TL;DR: 1 Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat zu Koln, Germany as@thp.uni-koeln.de 2 Interdisziplinares Zentrum fur komplexe Systeme, Bonn, Germany
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Experimental study of the behavioural mechanisms underlying self-organization in human crowds
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References
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Social Force Model for Pedestrian Dynamics
Dirk Helbing,Péter Molnár +1 more
TL;DR: Computer simulations of crowds of interacting pedestrians show that the social force model is capable of describing the self-organization of several observed collective effects of pedestrian behavior very realistically.
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Simulating dynamical features of escape panic
TL;DR: A model of pedestrian behaviour is used to investigate the mechanisms of panic and jamming by uncoordinated motion in crowds, and an optimal strategy for escape from a smoke-filled room is found, involving a mixture of individualistic behaviour and collective ‘herding’ instinct.
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Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems
Dirk Helbing,Dirk Helbing +1 more
TL;DR: This article considers the empirical data and then reviews the main approaches to modeling pedestrian and vehicle traffic, including microscopic (particle-based), mesoscopic (gas-kinetic), and macroscopic (fluid-dynamic) models.
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Statistical physics of vehicular traffic and some related systems
TL;DR: In this paper, a critical review of particle-hopping models of vehicular traffic is presented, focusing on the results obtained mainly from the so-called "particle hopping" models, particularly emphasizing those formulated in recent years using the language of cellular automata.
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Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two dimensional cellular automaton
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional cellular automaton model is proposed to simulate pedestrian tra c c. It is a vmax = 1 model with exclusion statistics and parallel dynamics, and long-range interactions between the pedestrians are mediated by a so-called "oor #eld which modi4es the transition rates to neighbouring cells.