Species-specific wiring for direction selectivity in the mammalian retina
TLDR
A detailed connectomic reconstruction of SAC circuitry in mouse retina is presented and two previously unknown features of synapse distributions along SAC dendrite are described: input and output synapses are segregated, with inputs restricted to proximal dendrites; and the distribution of inhibitory inputs is fundamentally different from that observed in rabbit retina.Abstract:
Directionally tuned signalling in starburst amacrine cell (SAC) dendrites lies at the heart of the circuit that detects the direction of moving stimuli in the mammalian retina. The relative contributions of intrinsic cellular properties and network connectivity to SAC direction selectivity remain unclear. Here we present a detailed connectomic reconstruction of SAC circuitry in mouse retina and describe two previously unknown features of synapse distributions along SAC dendrites: input and output synapses are segregated, with inputs restricted to proximal dendrites; and the distribution of inhibitory inputs is fundamentally different from that observed in rabbit retina. An anatomically constrained SAC network model suggests that SAC–SAC wiring differences between mouse and rabbit retina underlie distinct contributions of synaptic inhibition to velocity and contrast tuning and receptive field structure. In particular, the model indicates that mouse connectivity enables SACs to encode lower linear velocities that account for smaller eye diameter, thereby conserving angular velocity tuning. These predictions are confirmed with calcium imaging of mouse SAC dendrites responding to directional stimuli.read more
Citations
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A Complete Electron Microscopy Volume of the Brain of Adult Drosophila melanogaster.
Zhihao Zheng,J. Scott Lauritzen,Eric Perlman,Camenzind G. Robinson,Matthew Nichols,Daniel E. Milkie,O. N. Torrens,J.H. Price,Corey B. Fisher,Nadiya Sharifi,Steven A. Calle-Schuler,Lucia Kmecova,Iqbal J. Ali,Bill Karsh,Eric T. Trautman,John A. Bogovic,Philipp Hanslovsky,Gregory S.X.E. Jefferis,Gregory S.X.E. Jefferis,Michael Kazhdan,Khaled Khairy,Stephan Saalfeld,Richard D. Fetter,Davi D. Bock +23 more
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Understanding the retinal basis of vision across species.
TL;DR: The extent of retinal diversity within and across species is described and the factors that contribute to species-specific adaptations in retinal organization are explored.
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Visual Circuits for Direction Selectivity
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Diversity of meso-scale architecture in human and non-human connectomes
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Inhibitory Interneurons in the Retina: Types, Circuitry, and Function*
TL;DR: Current ideas about horizontal cell signaling are reviewed, considering the evidence for and against the leading, competing theories, and recent work that has begun to make sense of the remarkable morphological and physiological diversity of amacrine cells is discussed.
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