Sub-Rayleigh-diffraction-bound quantum imaging

TLDR: In this paper, the authors show some $N$-photon strategies that permit resolution of details that are smaller than this bound, attaining either a $1∕\sqrt{N}$ enhancement (standard quantum limit) or a Heisenberg-like scaling over standard techniques.

Abstract: The spatial resolution of an imaging apparatus is limited by the Rayleigh diffraction bound, a consequence of the imager's finite spatial extent. We show some $N$-photon strategies that permit resolution of details that are smaller than this bound, attaining either a $1∕\sqrt{N}$ enhancement (standard quantum limit) or a $1∕N$ enhancement (Heisenberg-like scaling) over standard techniques. In the incoherent imaging regime, the methods presented are loss resistant, since classical light sources suffice. Our results may be of importance in many applications: microscopy, telescopy, lithography, metrology, etc.