Suppression of the activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by the soil microbiota.
Nanna Bygvraa Svenningsen,Stephanie J. Watts-Williams,Erik J. Joner,Fabio Battini,Aikaterini Efthymiou,Carla Cruz-Paredes,Ole Nybroe,Iver Jakobsen +7 more
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TLDR
The presence of AMf antagonists resembles the phenomenon of disease-suppressive soils and implies that ecosystem services of AMF will depend strongly on the specific soil microbiome.Abstract:
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonise roots of most plants; their extra-radical mycelium (ERM) extends into the soil and acquires nutrients for the plant. The ERM coexists with soil microbial communities and it is unresolved whether these communities stimulate or suppress the ERM activity. This work studied the prevalence of suppressed ERM activity and identified main components behind the suppression. ERM activity was determined by quantifying ERM-mediated P uptake from radioisotope-labelled unsterile soil into plants, and compared to soil physicochemical characteristics and soil microbiome composition. ERM activity varied considerably and was greatly suppressed in 4 of 21 soils. Suppression was mitigated by soil pasteurisation and had a dominating biotic component. AMF-suppressive soils had high abundances of Acidobacteria, and other bacterial taxa being putative fungal antagonists. Suppression was also associated with low soil pH, but this effect was likely indirect, as the relative abundance of, e.g., Acidobacteria decreased after liming. Suppression could not be transferred by adding small amounts of suppressive soil to conducive soil, and thus appeared to involve the common action of several taxa. The presence of AMF antagonists resembles the phenomenon of disease-suppressive soils and implies that ecosystem services of AMF will depend strongly on the specific soil microbiome.read more
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Challenges and Approaches in Microbiome Research: From Fundamental to Applied.
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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi stimulate organic phosphate mobilization associated with changing bacterial community structure under field conditions
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Microbe to Microbiome: A Paradigm Shift in the Application of Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture
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Endophyte-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their biological applications
S.M.R. Rahman .,Lubna Rahman,Ali Talha Khalil,Nasir Ali,Dania Zia,Muhammad Ali,Zabta Khan Shinwari,Zabta Khan Shinwari +7 more
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References
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Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA
TL;DR: Analysis of the genomic DNA from a bacterial biofilm grown under aerobic conditions suggests that sulfate-reducing bacteria, despite their anaerobicity, were present in this environment.
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Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection.
J.M. Phillips,D. S. Hayman +1 more
TL;DR: To improve stain penetration and clearing in whole mycorrhizal roots of onion and other host plants, and in roots infected by other fungi, the following two procedures are developed, which give deeply stained fungal structures which show distinctly against the outlines of the cells in the cortex of intact roots.
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Soil bacterial and fungal communities across a pH gradient in an arable soil.
Johannes Rousk,Erland Bååth,Philip C. Brookes,Christian L. Lauber,Catherine A. Lozupone,J. Gregory Caporaso,Rob Knight,Rob Knight,Noah Fierer,Noah Fierer +9 more
TL;DR: Soils collected across a long-term liming experiment were used to investigate the direct influence of pH on the abundance and composition of the two major soil microbial taxa, fungi and bacteria, and both the relative abundance and diversity of bacteria were positively related to pH.