Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
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TLDR
Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.Abstract:
Effector functions in the immune system are carried out by a variety of cell types, and as our understanding of the complexity of the system expands, the number of recognized subdivisions of cell types also continues to increase. B lymphocytes, producing antibody, were initially distinguished from T lymphocytes, which provide help for B cells (1, 2). The T-cell population was further divided when surface markers allowed separation of helper cells from cytotoxic cells (3). Although there were persistent reports of heterogeneity in the helper T-cell compartment (reviewed below), only relatively recently were distinct types of helper cells resolved. In this review we describe the differences between two types of cloned helper T cells, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and we also discuss the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokines. Patterns of lymphokine synthesis are convenient and explicit markers to describe T-cell subclass differences, and evidence increases that many of the functions of helper T cells are predicted by the functions of the lymphokines that they synthesize after activation by antigen and presenting cells. The separation of many mouse helper T-cell clones into these two distinct types is now well established, but their origin in normal T-cell populations is still not clear. Further divisions of helper T cells may have to be recognized before a complete picture of helper T-cell function can be obtained.read more
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Development of airway hyperresponsiveness is dependent on interferon-gamma and independent of eosinophil infiltration.
Edith M. Hessel,A. J. M. Van Oosterhout,I. Van Ark,B.C.A.M. van Esch,Gerard A. Hofman,H. van Loveren,Huub F. J. Savelkoul,Frans P. Nijkamp +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the two phenomena of airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia are differentially regulated.
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Lei Zhang,Yong-gang Li,Yu-hua Li,Lei Qi,Xinguang Liu,Cunzhong Yuan,Nai-wen Hu,Daoxin Ma,Zhenfeng Li,Qiang Yang,Wei Li,Jianmin Li +11 more
TL;DR: Findings suggest that Th22 cells and Th17 cells may be implicated in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis, and Th22 Cells and Th 17 cells might be reasonable cellular targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Cytokines: Principles and prospects
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References
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Journal Article
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
TL;DR: A panel of antigen-specific mouse helper T cell clones was characterized according to patterns of lymphokine activity production, and two types of T cell were distinguished.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interferon-gamma and B cell stimulatory factor-1 reciprocally regulate Ig isotype production
TL;DR: Results indicate that BSF-1 and IFN-gamma as well as the T cells that produce them may act as reciprocal regulatory agents in the determination of Ig isotype responses.
Journal Article
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. II. Delayed-type hypersensitivity is mediated by TH1 clones.
Daniel J. Cher,Tim R. Mosmann +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented here to show that one type of helper T cell clone (TH1) causes delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) when injected with the appropriate antigen into the footpads of naive mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two types of mouse helper T cell clone. III. Further differences in lymphokine synthesis between Th1 and Th2 clones revealed by RNA hybridization, functionally monospecific bioassays, and monoclonal antibodies.
TL;DR: Lymphokine synthesis patterns of a panel of 19 T cell clones have been evaluated, using mRNA hybridization methods to examine 11 different mRNAs induced by Con A, and it is shown that secreted protein and mRNA levels correlated well for all cell lines.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional subclasses of T-lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens. I. The generation of functionally distinct T-cell subclasses is a differentiative process independent of antigen.
Harvey Cantor,Edward A. Boyse +1 more
TL;DR: These experiments imply that commitment of T cells to participate exclusively in either helper or cytotoxic function is a differentiative process that takes place before they encounter antigen, and is accompanied by exclusion of different Ly groups, Lu-23 or Ly-1 respectively, from TL+Ly-123+ T-cell precursors.