Journal ArticleDOI
The Ecology of Arsenic
Ronald S. Oremland,John F. Stolz +1 more
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This work reviews what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature and investigates their role in aquifers.Abstract:
Arsenic is a metalloid whose name conjures up images of murder. Nonetheless, certain prokaryotes use arsenic oxyanions for energy generation, either by oxidizing arsenite or by respiring arsenate. These microbes are phylogenetically diverse and occur in a wide range of habitats. Arsenic cycling may take place in the absence of oxygen and can contribute to organic matter oxidation. In aquifers, these microbial reactions may mobilize arsenic from the solid to the aqueous phase, resulting in contaminated drinking water. Here we review what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Role of metal-reducing bacteria in arsenic release from Bengal delta sediments
Farhana Islam,Andrew G. Gault,Christopher Boothman,David A. Polya,John M. Charnock,John M. Charnock,Debashis Chatterjee,Jonathan R. Lloyd +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that anaerobic metal-reducing bacteria can play a key role in the mobilization of arsenic in sediments collected from a contaminated aquifer in West Bengal and that, for the sediments in this study, arsenic release took place after Fe(iii) reduction, rather than occurring simultaneously.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic(V) removal from groundwater using nano scale zero-valent iron as a colloidal reactive barrier material.
TL;DR: The effects of competing anions revealed that HCO3-, H4SiO4(0), and H2PO4(2-) are potential interfering agents in the As(V) adsorption reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic removal using mesoporous alumina prepared via a templating method.
TL;DR: In this article, mesoprous alumina (MA) with a wide surface area (307 m2/g) and uniform pore size (3.5 nm) was prepared, and a spongelike interlinked pore system was developed through a post-hydrolysis method.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic binding to proteins.
TL;DR: Although the adverse health effects arising from exposure to arsenic have been well-recognized, the mechanism(s) of action responsible for the diverse range of health effects are complicated and poorly understood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic and selenium in microbial metabolism.
TL;DR: This review highlights recent advances in ecology, biochemistry, and molecular biology and provides a prelude to the impact of genomics studies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic mobilization in the hyporheic zone of a contaminated stream
TL;DR: Arsenic behavior was examined in a contaminated stream by sampling the dissolved (<0.45 μm) arsenic and metals in surface water, shallow hyporheic zone water, and adjacent ground water as discussed by the authors.
Book ChapterDOI
Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, and Carcinogenicity of Arsenic
TL;DR: Improved models could be used to further investigate the existence of a methylation threshold for arsenic and its relevance to arsenic carcinogenicity in humans, and an understanding of the pharmacokinetics and target tissue doses of the critical chemical species is essential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissimilatory arsenate reductase activity and arsenate-respiring bacteria in bovine rumen fluid, hamster feces, and the termite hindgut
Mitchell J. Herbel,Jodi Switzer Blum,Shelley E. Hoeft,Samuel M. Cohen,Lora L. Arnold,Joy Lisak,John F. Stolz,Ronald S. Oremland +7 more
TL;DR: Because arsenite is transported across the gut epithelium more readily than arsenate, microbial dissimilatory reduction of arsenate in the gut may promote the body's absorption of arsenic and hence potentiate its toxicity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Microbial Arsenate Reduction in the Anoxic Bottom Waters of Mono Lake, California
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted incubations of arsenate-enriched bottom water coupled with inhibition/amendment studies and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) characterization techniques.