Journal ArticleDOI
The Ecology of Arsenic
Ronald S. Oremland,John F. Stolz +1 more
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TLDR
This work reviews what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature and investigates their role in aquifers.Abstract:
Arsenic is a metalloid whose name conjures up images of murder. Nonetheless, certain prokaryotes use arsenic oxyanions for energy generation, either by oxidizing arsenite or by respiring arsenate. These microbes are phylogenetically diverse and occur in a wide range of habitats. Arsenic cycling may take place in the absence of oxygen and can contribute to organic matter oxidation. In aquifers, these microbial reactions may mobilize arsenic from the solid to the aqueous phase, resulting in contaminated drinking water. Here we review what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature.read more
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Microbiomes in the Challenger Deep slope and bottom-axis sediments
TL;DR: In this article , the authors collected sediments across the slope and bottom-axis of the Challenger Deep that enable insights into its in situ microbial communities, and analyzed 586 metagenome-assembled genomes retrieved from 37 metagenomes.
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Bacteria responsible for nitrate-dependent antimonite oxidation in antimony-contaminated paddy soil revealed by the combination of DNA-SIP and metagenomics
Miaomiao Zhang,Zhe Li,Zhe Li,Max M. Häggblom,Lily Y. Young,Fangbai Li,Zijun He,Guimei Lu,Rui Xu,Xiaoxu Sun,Lang Qiu,Weimin Sun +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, stable isotope probing (SIP) coupled with amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to identify nitrate-dependent Sb(III)-oxidizing bacteria (SbOB) in paddy soils.
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Arsenic-contaminated freshwater: assessing arsenate and arsenite toxicity and low-dose genotoxicity in Gammarus elvirae (Crustacea; Amphipoda)
TL;DR: This study provides a basis for future genotoxic research on exposure to freshwater that contains low levels of arsenic and arsenate and arsenite in Gammarus elvirae, which has proved to be a useful organism for genotoxicity assays in freshwater.
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Phylogenetic analysis and arsenate reduction effect of the arsenic-reducing bacteria enriched from contaminated soils at an abandoned smelter site.
TL;DR: It was found that As(V) was completely reduced to As(III) (i.e., arsenite) in 21 h, which resulted in an appreciable release of arsenic into aqueous phase.
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In situ arsenic speciation on solid surfaces by desorption electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
TL;DR: A simple and fast (<5 s) method for in situ arsenic speciation on solid surfaces has been developed based on desorption electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (DESI-MS).
References
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A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters
TL;DR: The scale of the problem in terms of population exposed to high As concentrations is greatest in the Bengal Basin with more than 40 million people drinking water containing ‘excessive’ As as mentioned in this paper.
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Worldwide Occurrences of Arsenic in Ground Water
TL;DR: Nordstrom et al. as mentioned in this paper argue that human health risks from arsenic in ground water can be minimized by incorporating hydrogeochemical knowledge into water management decisions and by more careful monitoring for arsenic in geologically high-risk areas.
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Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh groundwater
TL;DR: Sedimentological study of the Ganges alluvial sediments shows that the arsenic derives from the reductive dissolution of arsenic-rich iron oxyhydroxides, which in turn are derived from weathering of base-metal sulphides.
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