Journal ArticleDOI
The Ecology of Arsenic
Ronald S. Oremland,John F. Stolz +1 more
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This work reviews what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature and investigates their role in aquifers.Abstract:
Arsenic is a metalloid whose name conjures up images of murder. Nonetheless, certain prokaryotes use arsenic oxyanions for energy generation, either by oxidizing arsenite or by respiring arsenate. These microbes are phylogenetically diverse and occur in a wide range of habitats. Arsenic cycling may take place in the absence of oxygen and can contribute to organic matter oxidation. In aquifers, these microbial reactions may mobilize arsenic from the solid to the aqueous phase, resulting in contaminated drinking water. Here we review what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Role of metal-reducing bacteria in arsenic release from Bengal delta sediments
Farhana Islam,Andrew G. Gault,Christopher Boothman,David A. Polya,John M. Charnock,John M. Charnock,Debashis Chatterjee,Jonathan R. Lloyd +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that anaerobic metal-reducing bacteria can play a key role in the mobilization of arsenic in sediments collected from a contaminated aquifer in West Bengal and that, for the sediments in this study, arsenic release took place after Fe(iii) reduction, rather than occurring simultaneously.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic(V) removal from groundwater using nano scale zero-valent iron as a colloidal reactive barrier material.
TL;DR: The effects of competing anions revealed that HCO3-, H4SiO4(0), and H2PO4(2-) are potential interfering agents in the As(V) adsorption reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic removal using mesoporous alumina prepared via a templating method.
TL;DR: In this article, mesoprous alumina (MA) with a wide surface area (307 m2/g) and uniform pore size (3.5 nm) was prepared, and a spongelike interlinked pore system was developed through a post-hydrolysis method.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic binding to proteins.
TL;DR: Although the adverse health effects arising from exposure to arsenic have been well-recognized, the mechanism(s) of action responsible for the diverse range of health effects are complicated and poorly understood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic and selenium in microbial metabolism.
TL;DR: This review highlights recent advances in ecology, biochemistry, and molecular biology and provides a prelude to the impact of genomics studies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial Reduction of Arsenate in the Presence of Ferrihydrite
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of microbial reduction of aqueous arsenate (As(V)) on the solubilization of As(V) sorbed to ferrihydrite, in the absence of reductive dissolution of the Fe(III)-oxide solid phase was investigated.
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Bacterial dissimilatory reduction of arsenate and sulfate in meromictic Mono Lake, California
Ronald S. Oremland,Philip R. Dowdle,Shelly Hoeft,Jonathan O. Sharp,Jeffra K. Schaefer,Laurence G. Miller,Jodi Switzer Blum,Richard L. Smith,Nicholas S Bloom,Dirk Wallschlaeger +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a radioassay was devised to measure the reduction of As (V) to 73 As (III) and tested using cell suspensions of the As-respiring Bacillus selenitireducens, which completely reduced the 73 As(V) in Mono Lake, California.
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Bacterial Dissimilatory Reduction of Arsenic(V) to Arsenic(III) in Anoxic Sediments.
TL;DR: Results show that reduction of As(V) in sediments proceeds by a dissimilatory process and that nitrate and arsenate were reduced by separate enzyme systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of Nitrate Reductase: Molecular and Structural Variations on a Common Function
John F. Stolz,Partha Basu +1 more
TL;DR: High degree of sequence similarity and a phylogenetic distribution that follows taxonomic classification suggest a monophyletic origin for the Euk‐NR early on in the evolution of eukaryotic cells, while sequence conservation, phylogenetic analysis, and physiology suggest that both Nar and Nap were acquired by horizontal gene transfer.
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Rates of Microbially Mediated Arsenate Reduction and Solubilization
TL;DR: In this article, the reduction rates of arsenate (V) to arsenite (III) were investigated in anaerobically in serum bottles with a range of glucose and As(V) concentrations and the results indicated that rates of As mobilization during reduction in soils are highly dependent on oxide surface area and As surface coverage.