Journal ArticleDOI
The Ecology of Arsenic
Ronald S. Oremland,John F. Stolz +1 more
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TLDR
This work reviews what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature and investigates their role in aquifers.Abstract:
Arsenic is a metalloid whose name conjures up images of murder. Nonetheless, certain prokaryotes use arsenic oxyanions for energy generation, either by oxidizing arsenite or by respiring arsenate. These microbes are phylogenetically diverse and occur in a wide range of habitats. Arsenic cycling may take place in the absence of oxygen and can contribute to organic matter oxidation. In aquifers, these microbial reactions may mobilize arsenic from the solid to the aqueous phase, resulting in contaminated drinking water. Here we review what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature.read more
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Photooxidation of arsenic in pristine and mine-impacted Canadian subarctic freshwater systems
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested if photochemical oxidation could also be a significant redox process in northern freshwater systems and found that the photooxidation process was controlled by UV radiation, was influenced by short-lived oxidants and was partly driven by the concentrations of organic matter.
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Global genomic analysis of microbial biotransformation of arsenic highlights the importance of arsenic methylation in environmental and human microbiomes
Ray Keren,Raphaël Méheust,Joanne M. Santini,Alex Thomas,Jacob West-Roberts,Jillian F. Banfield,Lisa Alvarez-Cohen +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used the recently greatly expanded availability of microbial genomes of diverse organisms from lineages lacking cultivated representatives, including those reconstructed from metagenomes, to investigate genetic repertoires of taxonomic and environmental controls on arsenic metabolic capacities.
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Arsenic in Groundwater Wells in Quaternary Deposits in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia
TL;DR: Arsenic was found in deep wells, and was positively correlated with variables reflective of marine environments such as B, Na, K, Mo, Cl, PO4, pH and specific conductance as mentioned in this paper.
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Iron Vacancy Accelerates Fe(II)-Induced Anoxic As(III) Oxidation Coupled to Iron Reduction.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors show that As(III) oxidation can be facilitated by Fe oxyhydroxides (i.e., goethite) under anoxic conditions coupled with the reduction of structural Fe(III).
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Distribution of Arsenite- Oxidizing Bacteria and its Correlation with Temperature in Hot Springs of the Tibetan- Yunnan Geothermal Zone in Western China
Geng Wu,Hongchen Jiang,Hailiang Dong,Qiuyuan Huang,Jian Yang,Laura Webb,Qiong Liu,Huaming Guo,Songhu Yuan,Ping Li,Yanxin Wang +10 more
TL;DR: The results showed that the aioA gene abundance increased as temperature decreased, whereas its diversity at the OTU level (97% cutoff) increased with increasing temperature, suggesting that temperature played an important role in affecting aIOA gene distribution and thus arsenic speciation.
References
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A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters
TL;DR: The scale of the problem in terms of population exposed to high As concentrations is greatest in the Bengal Basin with more than 40 million people drinking water containing ‘excessive’ As as mentioned in this paper.
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Worldwide Occurrences of Arsenic in Ground Water
TL;DR: Nordstrom et al. as mentioned in this paper argue that human health risks from arsenic in ground water can be minimized by incorporating hydrogeochemical knowledge into water management decisions and by more careful monitoring for arsenic in geologically high-risk areas.
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Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh groundwater
TL;DR: Sedimentological study of the Ganges alluvial sediments shows that the arsenic derives from the reductive dissolution of arsenic-rich iron oxyhydroxides, which in turn are derived from weathering of base-metal sulphides.
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