Journal ArticleDOI
The Ecology of Arsenic
Ronald S. Oremland,John F. Stolz +1 more
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TLDR
This work reviews what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature and investigates their role in aquifers.Abstract:
Arsenic is a metalloid whose name conjures up images of murder. Nonetheless, certain prokaryotes use arsenic oxyanions for energy generation, either by oxidizing arsenite or by respiring arsenate. These microbes are phylogenetically diverse and occur in a wide range of habitats. Arsenic cycling may take place in the absence of oxygen and can contribute to organic matter oxidation. In aquifers, these microbial reactions may mobilize arsenic from the solid to the aqueous phase, resulting in contaminated drinking water. Here we review what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature.read more
Citations
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Appraisal of groundwater arsenic on opposite banks of River Ganges, West Bengal, India, and quantification of cancer risk using Monte Carlo simulations
Sitaram Verma,Alok Sinha +1 more
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The concentration and chemical speciation of arsenic in the Nanpan River, the upstream of the Pearl River, China.
TL;DR: The results did not show any obvious transport of As along the flow direction of the river, but the bioavailability and mobility of As in sediment were higher than in both agricultural and non-agricultural soils, and thus, special attention should be paid for the risk assessment of At in the river in future studies.
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Biomethylation metabolism study of arsenite in SCC-7 cells by reversed phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.
TL;DR: A hyphenated method of reversed phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with collision/reaction cell technology (CCT) was developed, providing a sensitive tool for arsenic metabolites analysis and further understanding the metabolism of As(III) in SCC-7 cells.
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Reservoir Sedimentation and Environmental Degradation: Assessing Trends in Sediment-Associated Trace Elements in Grenada Lake, Mississippi
Sean J. Bennett,F. E. Rhoton +1 more
TL;DR: The sources of these sediment-associated trace elements within Grenada Lake, whether natural or anthropogenic, have not changed appreciably over the lifespan of the reservoir and that the degradation of sedimentologic and ecologic indices within the lake are due to the sequestration of clay or clay-sized materials.
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Did nature also choose arsenic
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that ancient biochemical systems, analogous to but distinct from those known today, could have utilized arsenate in the equivalent biological role as phosphate and may have supported a ‘shadow biosphere’ at the time of the origin and early evolution of life on Earth or on other planets.
References
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A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters
TL;DR: The scale of the problem in terms of population exposed to high As concentrations is greatest in the Bengal Basin with more than 40 million people drinking water containing ‘excessive’ As as mentioned in this paper.
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Worldwide Occurrences of Arsenic in Ground Water
TL;DR: Nordstrom et al. as mentioned in this paper argue that human health risks from arsenic in ground water can be minimized by incorporating hydrogeochemical knowledge into water management decisions and by more careful monitoring for arsenic in geologically high-risk areas.
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Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh groundwater
TL;DR: Sedimentological study of the Ganges alluvial sediments shows that the arsenic derives from the reductive dissolution of arsenic-rich iron oxyhydroxides, which in turn are derived from weathering of base-metal sulphides.
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