Journal ArticleDOI
The Ecology of Arsenic
Ronald S. Oremland,John F. Stolz +1 more
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This work reviews what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature and investigates their role in aquifers.Abstract:
Arsenic is a metalloid whose name conjures up images of murder. Nonetheless, certain prokaryotes use arsenic oxyanions for energy generation, either by oxidizing arsenite or by respiring arsenate. These microbes are phylogenetically diverse and occur in a wide range of habitats. Arsenic cycling may take place in the absence of oxygen and can contribute to organic matter oxidation. In aquifers, these microbial reactions may mobilize arsenic from the solid to the aqueous phase, resulting in contaminated drinking water. Here we review what is known about arsenic-metabolizing bacteria and their potential impact on speciation and mobilization of arsenic in nature.read more
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Comment on "Arsenic (III) Fuels Anoxygenic Photosynthesis in Hot Spring Biofilms from Mono Lake, California"
TL;DR: This work challenges the proposition that As(V) reductase was responsible for the anaerobic oxidation of As(III) in the Archean based on paleogeochemical, bioenergetic, and phylogenetic arguments.
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Life on the edge: Microbial biomineralization in an arsenic- and lead-rich deep-sea hydrothermal vent
Si-Yu Hu,Stephen Barnes,Anais Pagès,Joanna Parr,Raymond A Binns,Michael Verrall,Zakaria Quadir,William D.A. Rickard,Weihua Liu,Denis Fougerouse,Kliti Grice,Louise Schoneveld,Chris Ryan,David L. Paterson +13 more
TL;DR: In this article, the first geologic evidence of Pb As rich microbial filamentous clusters observed in a modern high-temperature black smoker from the Manus back-arc basin, Papua New Guinea was presented as net-like structures on the surface of barite and sulfides.
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Dissimilatory arsenate-respiring prokaryotes catalyze the dissolution, reduction and release of arsenic from paddy soils into groundwater: implication for the effect of sulfate
TL;DR: A diversity of DARPs in the paddy soils significantly catalyzed the dissolution, reduction and release of arsenic and iron from insoluble phase into solution, and the presence of sulfate significantly increased the microbial reactions.
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Farmed tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus involved in transport and biouptake of arsenic in aquacultural ecosystems
Bo-Ching Chen,Chung-Min Liao +1 more
TL;DR: The present study couples the Michaelis–Menten (M–M) type flux and the Fick’s type of dynamic mass transfer flux to arrive at the Best equation to quantitatively model the transport and biouptake mechanism of the gills of freshwater tilapia exposed to waterborne arsenic.
Patent
Nucleic acid arrays to monitor water and other ecosystems
TL;DR: In this paper, a plurality of oligonucleotides are used for monitoring ecosystems, such as bodies of water, and methods and systems for making such arrays are described. But the arrays are not used to detect organisms.
References
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A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters
TL;DR: The scale of the problem in terms of population exposed to high As concentrations is greatest in the Bengal Basin with more than 40 million people drinking water containing ‘excessive’ As as mentioned in this paper.
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Worldwide Occurrences of Arsenic in Ground Water
TL;DR: Nordstrom et al. as mentioned in this paper argue that human health risks from arsenic in ground water can be minimized by incorporating hydrogeochemical knowledge into water management decisions and by more careful monitoring for arsenic in geologically high-risk areas.
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Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh groundwater
TL;DR: Sedimentological study of the Ganges alluvial sediments shows that the arsenic derives from the reductive dissolution of arsenic-rich iron oxyhydroxides, which in turn are derived from weathering of base-metal sulphides.
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