Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of acute exercise on blood concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in healthy adults: a meta-analysis.
Adam Dinoff,Adam Dinoff,Nathan Herrmann,Nathan Herrmann,Walter Swardfager,Walter Swardfager,Krista L. Lanctôt,Krista L. Lanctôt +7 more
TLDR
In meta‐regression analysis, greater duration of exercise was associated with greater increases in BDNF, and subgroup analyses revealed an effect in males but not in females, and a greater BDNF increase in plasma than serum.Abstract:
It has been hypothesized that one mechanism through which physical activity provides benefits to cognition and mood is via increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations. Some studies have reported immediate benefits to mood and various cognitive domains after a single session of exercise. This meta-analysis sought to determine the effect of a single exercise session on concentrations of BDNF in peripheral blood, in order to evaluate the potential role of BDNF in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on brain health. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Source, and CINAHL databases were searched for original, peer-reviewed reports of peripheral blood BDNF concentrations before and after acute exercise interventions. Risk of bias within studies was assessed using standardized criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were generated from random effects models. Risk of publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's test. Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored in subgroup analyses. In 55 studies that met inclusion criteria, concentrations of peripheral blood BDNF were higher after exercise (SMD = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.46 – 0.72, p < 0.001). In meta-regression analyses, greater duration of exercise was associated with greater increases in BDNF. Subgroup analyses revealed an effect in males but not in females, and a greater BDNF increase in plasma than serum. Acute exercise increased BDNF concentrations in the peripheral blood of healthy adults. This effect was influenced by exercise duration and may be different across genders.
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Physical Activity, Cognition, and Brain Outcomes: A Review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines.
Kirk I. Erickson,Charles H. Hillman,Chelsea M. Stillman,Rachel M. Ballard,Bonny Bloodgood,David E. Conroy,Richard F. Macko,David X. Marquez,Steven J. Petruzzello,Kenneth E. Powell +9 more
TL;DR: There is moderate-to-strong support that PA benefits cognitive functioning during early and late periods of the life span and in certain populations characterized by cognitive deficits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical activity and depression: Towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity.
TL;DR: This review comprehensively assess key biological and psychosocial mechanisms through which physical activity exerts antidepressant effects, with a particular focus on exercise.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of exercise-induced myokines in regulating metabolism.
TL;DR: The role of these myokines in regulating local muscle metabolism as well as systemic metabolism in an autocrine/paracrine/endocrine fashion is focused on.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise benefits on Alzheimer's disease: State-of-the-science.
Pedro L. Valenzuela,Adrián Castillo-García,Javier S. Morales,Pedro de la Villa,Harald Hampel,Enzo Emanuele,Simone Lista,Alejandro Lucia +7 more
TL;DR: In summary, physical exercise might provide numerous benefits through different pathways that might, in turn, help prevent risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise and circulating BDNF: Mechanisms of release and implications for the design of exercise interventions.
TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed to support that exploiting these mechanisms of BDNF release can help to optimize brain plasticity outcomes via exercise interventions, which could be especially relevant in the context of multimodal training.
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