The metallurgy and processing science of metal additive manufacturing
TLDR
In this article, a review of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for producing metal parts are explored, with a focus on the science of metal AM: processing defects, heat transfer, solidification, solid-state precipitation, mechanical properties and post-processing metallurgy.Abstract:
Additive manufacturing (AM), widely known as 3D printing, is a method of manufacturing that forms parts from powder, wire or sheets in a process that proceeds layer by layer. Many techniques (using many different names) have been developed to accomplish this via melting or solid-state joining. In this review, these techniques for producing metal parts are explored, with a focus on the science of metal AM: processing defects, heat transfer, solidification, solid-state precipitation, mechanical properties and post-processing metallurgy. The various metal AM techniques are compared, with analysis of the strengths and limitations of each. Only a few alloys have been developed for commercial production, but recent efforts are presented as a path for the ongoing development of new materials for AM processes.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Additive manufacturing of metallic components – Process, structure and properties
Tarasankar Debroy,Huiliang Wei,J.S. Zuback,T. Mukherjee,John W. Elmer,John O. Milewski,Allison M. Beese,Alexander E. Wilson-Heid,Amitava De,Wei Zhang +9 more
TL;DR: A review of the emerging research on additive manufacturing of metallic materials is provided in this article, which provides a comprehensive overview of the physical processes and the underlying science of metallurgical structure and properties of the deposited parts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Additive manufacturing: scientific and technological challenges, market uptake and opportunities
Syed A. M. Tofail,Elias P. Koumoulos,Amit Bandyopadhyay,Susmita Bose,Lisa O'Donoghue,Costas A. Charitidis +5 more
TL;DR: Additive manufacturing (AM) is fundamentally different from traditional formative or subtractive manufacturing in that it is the closest to the bottom-up manufacturing where a structure can be built into its designed shape using a "layer-by-layer" approach rather than casting or forming by technologies such as forging or machining as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anisotropy and heterogeneity of microstructure and mechanical properties in metal additive manufacturing: A critical review
TL;DR: A broad range of metal additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and reviews literatures on the anisotropy and heterogeneity of microstructure and mechanical properties for metal AM parts are presented in this paper.
References
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Book
Computational methods for fluid dynamics
Joel H. Ferziger,Milovan Perić +1 more
TL;DR: This text develops and applies the techniques used to solve problems in fluid mechanics on computers and describes in detail those most often used in practice, including advanced techniques in computational fluid dynamics.