Journal ArticleDOI
The y chromosome in forensic analysis and paternity testing
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TLDR
Y haplotyping is most likely to find application in special instances, such as deficiency cases in paternity testing and in the analysis of mixtures of male and female DNA, or in combination with autosomal markers.Abstract:
The male specificity of the human Y chromosome makes it potentially useful in forensic studies and paternity testing, and markers are now available which will allow its usefulness to be assessed in practice. However, while it can be used confidently for exclusions, the unusual properties of the Y mean that inclusions will be very difficult to make: haplotypes are confined within lineages, so population sub-structuring is a major problem, and many male relatives of a suspect will share his Y chromosome. Y haplotyping is most likely to find application in special instances, such as deficiency cases in paternity testing and in the analysis of mixtures of male and female DNA, or in combination with autosomal markers.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A nomenclature system for the tree of human Y-chromosomal binary haplogroups
TL;DR: A simple set of rules was developed to unambiguously label the different clades nested within a single most parsimonious phylogeny, which supersedes and unifies past nomenclatures and allows the inclusion of additional mutations and haplogroups yet to be discovered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics and frequency of germline mutations at microsatellite loci from the human Y chromosome, as revealed by direct observation in father/son pairs.
Manfred Kayser,Lutz Roewer,Minttu Hedman,Lotte Henke,Jürgen Henke,Silke Brauer,Carmen Krüger,Michael Krawczak,Marion Nagy,Tadeusz Dobosz,Reinhard Szibor,Peter de Knijff,Mark Stoneking,Antti Sajantila +13 more
TL;DR: The data indicate that the general mutational mechanism of microsatellites is independent of recombination, and mutation rates and characteristics of human Y-chromosomal microsatellite loci are consistent with those of autosomal microSatellites.
BookDOI
Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation
TL;DR: The Frequentist Approaches Bayesian Approaches Statistical Evaluation of Mixtures Low Copy Number and Interpretation Issues Associated with DNA Databases are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosome Y microsatellites: population genetic and evolutionary aspects.
P. de Knijff,Manfred Kayser,Alessandra Caglià,Daniel Corach,Neale Fretwell,Christian Gehrig,G. Graziosi,F. Heidorn,S. Herrmann,B. Herzog,M. Hidding,Katsuya Honda,Mark A. Jobling,Michael Krawczak,K. Leim,S. Meuser,E. Meyer,W. Oesterreich,Arpita Pandya,Walther Parson,Gustavo Penacino,Anna Pérez-Lezaun,Andrea Piccinini,Mechthild Prinz,C. Schmitt,Peter M. Schneider,Reinhard Szibor,J. Teifel-Greding,G. Weichhold,Lutz Roewer +29 more
TL;DR: The chromosome Y STRs seem to be very useful in comparing closely related populations which cannot probably be separated by e.g. autosomal STRs, but in order to be used in an evolutionary context they need to be combined with more stable Y-polymorphisms e.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of X-linked markers for forensic purposes.
TL;DR: The population genetic properties and forensic utility of selected ChrX markers are reviewed, and the problems and limitations arising with their practical use are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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James L. Weber,Carmen Wong +1 more
TL;DR: A total of 20,000 parent-offspring transfers of alleles were examined through the genotyping within 40 CEPH reference families of 28 short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs) located on chromosome 19, and the average mutation rate was nearly four times higher than the average rate for dinucleotide STRPs.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of Y-chromosomal STRs: a multicenter study
Manfred Kayser,Alessandra Caglià,Daniel Corach,Neale Fretwell,Christian Gehrig,G. Graziosi,F. Heidorn,S. Herrmann,B. Herzog,M. Hidding,Katsuya Honda,Mark A. Jobling,Michael Krawczak,K. Leim,S. Meuser,E. Meyer,W. Oesterreich,Arpita Pandya,Walther Parson,Gustavo Penacino,Anna Pérez-Lezaun,Andrea Piccinini,Mechthild Prinz,C. Schmitt,Peter M. Schneider,Reinhard Szibor,J. Teifel-Greding,G. Weichhold,P. de Knijff,Lutz Roewer +29 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that Y-STR loci are useful markers to identify males and male lineages in forensic practice and recommended for the forensic application of a basic set of 7 STRs for standard Y-haplotyping in forensic and paternity casework.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of the remains of the Romanov family by DNA analysis
Peter Gill,Pavel L. Ivanov,C. P. Kimpton,Romelle Piercy,Nicola Benson,Gillian Tully,Ian W. Evett,Erika Hagelberg,Kevin Sullivan +8 more
TL;DR: The DNA evidence supports the hypothesis that the remains of the last Tsar, Tsarina, three of their five children, the Royal Physician and three servants are those of the Romanov family.
Journal ArticleDOI
Complex gene conversion events in germline mutation at human minisatellites
Alec J. Jeffreys,Keiji Tamaki,Annette MacLeod,Darren G. Monckton,Darren G. Monckton,David L. Neil,John A.L. Armour +6 more
TL;DR: At MS32, high frequency mutation processes in sperm appear to be largely germline specific and to occur at a constant rate irrespective of allele size, which implies that germline instability is controlled by elements outside the tandem repeat array.
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