Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
Philip B. Gorelick,Angelo Scuteri,Sandra E. Black,Charles DeCarli,Steven M. Greenberg,Costantino Iadecola,Lenore J. Launer,Stéphane Laurent,Oscar L. Lopez,David L. Nyenhuis,Ronald C. Petersen,Julie A. Schneider,Christophe Tzourio,Donna K. Arnett,David A. Bennett,Helena C. Chui,Randall T. Higashida,Ruth Lindquist,Peter M. Nilsson,Gustavo C. Román,Frank W. Sellke,Sudha Seshadri +21 more
TLDR
This scientific statement provides an overview of the evidence on vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia and provides evidence that subcortical forms of VCI with white matter hyperintensities and small deep infarcts are common and risk markers for VCI are the same as traditional risk factors for stroke.Abstract:
Background and Purpose—This scientific statement provides an overview of the evidence on vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia. Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment ...read more
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Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration
Joanna M. Wardlaw,Eric E. Smith,Geert J. Biessels,Charlotte Cordonnier,Franz Fazekas,Richard Frayne,Richard I. Lindley,John T. O'Brien,Frederik Barkhof,Oscar R. Benavente,Sandra E. Black,Carol Brayne,Monique M.B. Breteler,Hugues Chabriat,Charles DeCarli,Frank-Erik de Leeuw,Fergus N. Doubal,Marco Duering,Nick C. Fox,Steven M. Greenberg,Vladimir Hachinski,Ingo Kilimann,Vincent Mok,Robert J. van Oostenbrugge,Leonardo Pantoni,Oliver Speck,Blossom C. M. Stephan,Stefan J. Teipel,Anand Viswanathan,David J. Werring,Christopher Chen,Colin Smith,Mark A. van Buchem,Bo Norrving,Philip B. Gorelick,Martin Dichgans +35 more
TL;DR: This Position Paper summarises the main outcomes of this international effort to provide the STandards for ReportIng Vascular changes on nEuroimaging (STRIVE).
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National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease
Bradley T. Hyman,Creighton H. Phelps,Thomas G. Beach,Eileen H. Bigio,Nigel J. Cairns,Maria C. Carrillo,Dennis W. Dickson,Charles Duyckaerts,Matthew P. Frosch,Eliezer Masliah,Suzanne S. Mirra,Peter T. Nelson,Julie A. Schneider,Dietmar Rudolf Thal,Bill Thies,John Q. Trojanowski,Harry V. Vinters,Thomas J. Montine +17 more
TL;DR: The new guidelines recognize the pre‐clinical stage of AD, enhance the assessment of AD to include amyloid accumulation as well as neurofibrillary change and neuritic plaques, and establish protocols for the neuropathologic assessment of Lewy body disease, vascular brain injury, hippocampal sclerosis, and TDP‐43 inclusions.
Journal ArticleDOI
National Institute on Aging–Alzheimer’s Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer’s disease: a practical approach
Thomas J. Montine,Creighton H. Phelps,Thomas G. Beach,Eileen H. Bigio,Nigel J. Cairns,Dennis W. Dickson,Charles Duyckaerts,Matthew P. Frosch,Eliezer Masliah,Suzanne S. Mirra,Peter T. Nelson,Julie A. Schneider,Dietmar Rudolf Thal,John Q. Trojanowski,Harry V. Vinters,Bradley T. Hyman +15 more
TL;DR: A practical guide for the implementation of recently revised National Institute on Aging–Alzheimer's Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer’s disease is presented.
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The pathobiology of vascular dementia
TL;DR: This review will examine how vascular damage disrupts vital homeostatic interactions in brain health, focusing on the hemispheric white matter, a region at heightened risk for vascular damage, and on the interplay between vascular factors and Alzheimer's disease.
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Mechanisms of sporadic cerebral small vessel disease: insights from neuroimaging
TL;DR: Potential mechanisms, detectable with neuroimaging, that might better fit the available evidence and provide testable hypotheses for future study are discussed.
References
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The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A Brief Screening Tool For Mild Cognitive Impairment
Ziad S. Nasreddine,Natalie A. Phillips,Valérie Bédirian,Simon Charbonneau,Victor Whitehead,Isabelle Collin,Jeffrey L. Cummings,Howard Chertkow +7 more
TL;DR: A 10‐minute cognitive screening tool (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) to assist first‐line physicians in detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a clinical state that often progresses to dementia.
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Mild Cognitive Impairment: Clinical Characterization and Outcome
Ronald C. Petersen,Glenn E. Smith,Stephen C. Waring,Robert J. Ivnik,Eric G. Tangalos,Emre Kokmen +5 more
TL;DR: Patients who meet the criteria for MCI can be differentiated from healthy control subjects and those with very mild AD, and appear to constitute a clinical entity that can be characterized for treatment interventions.
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Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins.
Colin Baigent,Anthony C Keech,Patricia M. Kearney,L Blackwell,Georgina Buck,Christine Pollicino,Adrienne Kirby,T Sourjina,Richard Peto,Rory Collins,R. J. Simes +10 more
TL;DR: Statin therapy can safely reduce the 5-year incidence of major coronary events, coronary revascularisation, and stroke by about one fifth per mmol/L reduction in LDL cholesterol, largely irrespective of the initial lipid profile or other presenting characteristics.
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Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity
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Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications
Stéphane Laurent,John R. Cockcroft,Luc M. Van Bortel,Pierre Boutouyrie,Cristina Giannattasio,Daniel Hayoz,Bruno Pannier,Charalambos Vlachopoulos,Ian B. Wilkinson,Harry A.J. Struijker-Boudier +9 more
TL;DR: This paper summarizes the proceedings of several meetings of the European Network for Non-invasive Investigation of Large Arteries and is aimed at providing an updated and practical overview of the most relevant methodological aspects and clinical applications in this area.
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