Journal ArticleDOI
Very strong bainite
TLDR
A steel with an ultimate tensile strength of 2500 MPa, a hardness at 600-670 HV and toughness in excess of 30-40 MPa/m 1/2 is the result of exciting new developments with bainite as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Steel with an ultimate tensile strength of 2500 MPa, a hardness at 600–670 HV and toughness in excess of 30–40 MPa m 1/2 is the result of exciting new developments with bainite. The simple process route involved avoids rapid cooling so that residual stresses can in principle be avoided even in large pieces. The microstructure is generated at temperatures which are so low that the diffusion of iron is inconceivable during the course of the transformation to bainite. As a result, slender plates of ferrite, just 20–40 nm thick are generated, giving rise to the extraordinary properties.read more
Citations
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Analysis of Microstructure Evolution in Quenching and Partitioning Automotive Sheet Steel
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the synthesis and interpretation of the fundamental phase transformation responses, perspectives related to alloying and processing, and the resulting microstructure and properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanolaminate Transformation-Induced Plasticity-Twinning-Induced Plasticity steel with Dynamic Strain Partitioning and Enhanced damage Resistance
TL;DR: In this paper, a Fe 9Mn−3Ni−1.4Al−0.01C (mass%) medium-Mn TRIP maraging steel is produced and heat-treated under different reversion conditions to introduce well-controlled variations in the austenite-martensite nanolaminate microstructure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atomic-scale analysis of carbon partitioning between martensite and austenite by atom probe tomography and correlative transmission electron microscopy
TL;DR: In this article, the carbon partitioning from martensite into austenite without the presence of bainite transformation is investigated by means of atom probe tomography and correlative transmission electron microscopy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bainite and martensite start temperature calculated with exponential carbon dependence
TL;DR: In this article, the start temperatures of bainite (Bs) and martensite (Ms) formation exhibit an exponential carbon dependence and empirical models are proposed to describe this specific carbon dependence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of ausforming temperature on bainite transformation, microstructure and variant selection in nanobainite steel
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the effects of ausforming temperature on the bainite transformation behavior after plastic deformation of austenite and found that at low temperature (573 K), ausformability had little influence, whereas at a high temperature (873 K), it had significant influence.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Tensile loading of ropes of single wall carbon nanotubes and their mechanical properties
TL;DR: The mechanical response of 15 single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) ropes under tensile load was measured and strain data were obtained and they broke at strain values of 5.3% or lower.
Book
Bainite in Steels
TL;DR: The mechanism of the bainite transformation in steels is reviewed in this paper, with a summary of the early research and concluding with an assessment of the transformation in the context of the other reactions which occur as austenite is cooled to temperatures where it is no longer the stable phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
A general mechanism of martensitic nucleation: Part I. General concepts and the FCC → HCP transformation
Gregory B. Olson,Morris Cohen +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the stacking fault energy is shown to consist of both volume energy and surface energy contributions, and when the volume energy contribution is negative, the fault energy decreases with increasing fault thickness such that fault energy associated with the simultaneous dissociation of an appropriate group of dislocations can be zero or negative.
Journal ArticleDOI
Very strong low temperature bainite
TL;DR: In this paper, metallographic details are reported of the very fine bainitic microstructure associated with the incredibly low transformation temperature, where during the time scale of the experiments, an iron atom cannot diffuse over a distance greater than ~ 10-17 m.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bainite in silicon steels: new composition–property approach Part 1
TL;DR: In this article, a quantitative relationship between the composition and some important mechanical properties of silicon containing steels, which can be transformed isothermally to an aggregate of bainitic ferrite and carbon enriched retained austenite only, has been developed.