Showing papers on "Carbon steel published in 2008"
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of three triazole derivatives on mild steel in 1M HCl was tested by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
288 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the axial capacity of axially loaded concrete filled stainless steel circular and square hollow sections has been investigated using different concrete cube strengths varied from 30 to 100 MPa, and the column strengths and load-axial shortening curves were evaluated.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the corrosion inhibition effect of 3H-phenothiazin-3-one, 7-dimethylamin as a new inhibitor was studied using different electrochemical and weight loss methods.
221 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the efficiency of three furan derivatives (2-methylfuran, furfuryl alcohol and furfurolamine) as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1-M HCl, was determined by gravimetric and electrochemical measurements.
220 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an electrochemical evolution of the interface formed by carbon steel exposed to artificial seawater with nutrients in the presence and absence of mixed cultures that contain sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
197 citations
TL;DR: Quinolin-5-ylmethylene-3-{[8-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]thio}propanohydrazide (QMQTPH) was synthesized, characterized and tested as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1/M and 2/M HCl solution using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as mentioned in this paper.
187 citations
15 May 2008-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between failure mode and weld fusion zone characteristics (size and microstructure) was studied and it was found that spot weld strength in the pullout failure mode is controlled by the strength and fusion zone size of the galvanized steel side.
Abstract: Resistance spot welding was used to join austenitic stainless steel and galvanized low carbon steel. The relationship between failure mode and weld fusion zone characteristics (size and microstructure) was studied. It was found that spot weld strength in the pullout failure mode is controlled by the strength and fusion zone size of the galvanized steel side. The hardness of the fusion zone which is governed by the dilution between two base metals, and fusion zone size of galvanized carbon steel side are dominant factors in determining the failure mode.
176 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a closed cell composite metal foam has been produced using a powder metallurgy technique, which is processed by filling the vacancies between densely packed steel hollow spheres with steel powder and sintering them into a solid cellular structure.
174 citations
TL;DR: In this article, mild steel in molar perchloric acid by 3,5-bis(n-pyridyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles (n-PAT, n = 2, 4, 3 and 4) was studied at 30°C using gravimetric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques.
163 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the efficiency of three heterocyclic compounds, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, 4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one and 4-Hydroxy-3-(1H 1, 2, 4, 4 triazole-3-ylazo)-2H 1-bensopyrans-2.1-one, respectively, as steel corrosion inhibitors in 3.5% NaCl was investigated by Tafel extrapolation and linear polarization methods
Abstract: The efficiency of three heterocyclic compounds, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, 4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one and 4-hydroxy-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylazo)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (abbreviated 3-ATA, 4-HQ and 3-ATA-Q, respectively) as steel corrosion inhibitors in 3.5% NaCl has been investigated by Tafel extrapolation and linear polarization methods. Corrosion parameters and adsorption isotherms were determined from current-potential curves. It was found that inhibition efficiencies (η%) and surface coverage (θ) increase with an increase in the concentration of 3-ATA and 3-ATA-Q. However, 4-HQ accelerates the corrosion rate as its concentration increases. The adsorption of 3-ATA and 3-ATA-Q on the steel surface obey Langmuir isotherm. A clear correlation was found between corrosion inhibition efficiency and theoretical parameters obtained by the density functional B3LYP/6-31g(d) method. The experimental results are supported by the theoretical data.
158 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the residual stresses in structural carbon steel sections and found that the residual stress distributions for three hot-rolled angles, eight press braked angles and seven cold-rolled box sections, with a total of over 800 readings taken.
TL;DR: In this article, a partial austenitization followed by Q&P paths, at which the partitioning step is effectuated at a temperature equal to the quenching temperature, has been applied to a low-carbon steel.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 15% HCl with 1,500 ppm of inhibitors was studied in the temperature range from 30°C to 110°C.
Abstract: The inhibitive action of 1-cinnamylidine-3-thiocarbohydrazide (CTCH) and 1,1′-dicinnamylidine-3-thiocarbohydrazide (DCTCH) against the corrosion of carbon steel in 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl) was investigated using nonelectrochemical and electrochemical techniques. Potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the compounds were mixed-type inhibitors and exhibited more than 97% inhibition efficiency at 1,500 ppm of inhibitor concentration. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 15% HCl with 1,500 ppm of inhibitors was studied in the temperature range from 30°C to 110°C. The surface coverage (θ) increased linearly with the logarithm of the inhibitor concentration fitting a Temkin adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters including the free energy of adsorption, activation energy, enthalpy, entropy, and heat of adsorption were also calculated. The inhibitors reduced the hydrogen permeation current effectively through the steel surface. The protective film fo...
TL;DR: In this paper, the levels of corrosion rate and polarization behavior of carbon steel immersed in aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine (MEA) used in the absorption-based carbon dioxide (CO2) capture process for greenhouse gas reduction from industrial flue gas streams.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the highest interface strength was obtained for the specimens joined at 850 °C for 90 min, and the hardness values on the both sides of the interlayer decreased gradually as the distance from the joint increased.
TL;DR: In this paper, short carbon-fiber reinforced polypropylene (SCF/PP) composites were prepared with melt blending and hot-pressing techniques, and the tensile properties, flexural properties, hardness, and work of fracture (WOF) of this composite were investigated.
Abstract: In this paper, short-carbon-fiber-reinforced polypropylene (SCF/PP) composites were prepared with melt blending and hot-pressing techniques. The tensile properties, flexural properties, hardness, and work of fracture (WOF) of this composite were investigated. Thermal stability of the composite was studied via the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Finally, the mechanical properties of this composite were compared to mechanical properties of steel car bonnet in order to choose for car bonnet application. The properties of the composite prepared by 10% SCF/PP is comparable with the properties of carbon steel.
TL;DR: In this article, PANI-Cl powder was incorporated as a conductive pigment into powder zinc-rich primer (ZRP) formulations in order to enhance the electronic conduction paths between zinc particles inside the coating and the steel substrate.
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-carbon, Fe-Cu-based steel for Naval ship hull applications, with a yield strength of 965 MPa, Charpy V-notch absorbed impact-energy values as high as 74 J at −40 °C, and an elongation-to-failure greater than 15 pct, is presented.
Abstract: An investigation of a low-carbon, Fe-Cu–based steel, for Naval ship hull applications, with a yield strength of 965 MPa, Charpy V-notch absorbed impact-energy values as high as 74 J at –40 °C, and an elongation-to-failure greater than 15 pct, is presented. The increase in strength is derived from a large number density (approximately 1023 to 1024 m−3) of copper-iron-nickel-aluminum-manganese precipitates. The effect on the mechanical properties of varying the thermal treatment was studied. The nanostructure of the precipitates found within the steel was characterized by atom-probe tomography. Additionally, initial welding studies show that a brittle heat-affected zone is not formed adjacent to the welds.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the relationship between microstructure, surface condition and inhibitor efficiency in CO2 corrosion of carbon and low alloy steels and show that pre-corrosion decreases the inhibitor efficiency, but that its impact is micro-structure dependent.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new approach for dealing with local buckling and the associated loss of effectiveness has been developed for stainless steel and has also been applied to other nonlinear metallic materials.
Abstract: Stainless steel structural sections possess several features that result in a significantly different response to that of equivalent carbon steel sections. To date these features have not been fully recognized in design codes, which have largely adapted rules devised for carbon steel in a rather simplistic fashion. Recently, a new approach for dealing with local buckling and the associated loss of effectiveness that does not utilize the concepts of either cross-sectional classification or effective cross-sectional properties has been developed for stainless steel and has also been applied to other nonlinear metallic materials. The method is based directly on the deformation capacities of cross sections and covers the behavior of stainless steel members subjected to flexural buckling and combined axial load plus bending. The proposed method has been verified using test results and its performance has been compared against the existing ASCE and Eurocode design guidance for structural stainless steel. Significantly improved and more consistent predictions have been obtained using the proposed method without any extra calculation effort.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) to investigate localized corrosion of steel at defect of coating and, furthermore, to determine the effects of cathodic protection (CP) on local electrochemical environment and the resultant corrosion reaction at the base of coating defect.
TL;DR: In this paper, the protection action of thin layers of aluminium electroplated on a carbon steel (UNI Fe360B) has been studied using X-ray diffraction and SEM microscopy coupled with EDX microanalysis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of beta-FeOOH on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in high chloride ion environment, rust layer was analyzed by using infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and the rusted steel was measured by electrochemical impedance Spectroscopy method.
TL;DR: In this paper, self assembled monolayers of hydroxamic acids CH 3 (CH 2 ) n CONHOH with different alkyl length were formed on the carbon steel electrode surface.
TL;DR: In this article, localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) measurements were used to characterize the local electrochemical corrosion reaction of steel under the defected coating in near neutral pH solution.
TL;DR: In this paper, the anti-corrosion performance of PANI nanofibers and aggregated PANI-coated carbon steel samples exposed to 5% NaCl aqueous solution was evaluated by electrochemical corrosion measurements.
TL;DR: In this article, a bimodal distribution of spheroidized cementite particles is experimentally observed in high-carbon steel with different chromium (Cr) contents.
Abstract: The cementite spheroidization process is investigated in hypereutectoid steels with different chromium (Cr) contents. A spheroidized structure in high-carbon steel is usually obtained by a divorced eutectoid transformation (DET) reaction, which occurs during slow cooling of austenite with fine cementite particles. A bimodal distribution of spheroidized cementite particles is experimentally observed. It is shown that Cr addition allows one to obtain the spheroidized structure after austenitization at a higher temperature and a longer annealing time as compared with low-Cr steel. It is found that the DET reaction takes place at low undercoolings compared with the pearlitic reaction. The occurrence of the DET reaction also depends strongly on the spacing between cementite particles during the austenitization process, i.e., on austenitization temperature and time.
TL;DR: In this article, the formation and development of corrosion products on carbon steel surface during the initial stage of atmospheric corrosion in a laboratory simulated environment have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy.
Abstract: The formation and development of corrosion products on carbon steel surface during the initial stage of atmospheric corrosion in a laboratory simulated environment have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that two different shapes of corrosion products, that is, ring and chain, were formed in the initial stage of corrosion. MnS clusters were found in the nuclei of corrosion products at the active local corrosion sites. The ring-shaped products were composed of lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) transformed from lepidocrocite. The chain-type products were goethite (α-FeOOH). A formation mechanism of the corrosion products is proposed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of carbon steel coated with bis-trimethoxysilylpropyl]amine (BTSPA) filled with silica nanoparticles in naturally aerated 0.1 mol L−1 NaCl solutions was evaluated.
Abstract: The electrochemical behaviour of carbon steel coated with bis-[trimethoxysilylpropyl]amine (BTSPA) filled with silica nanoparticles in naturally aerated 0.1 mol L− 1 NaCl solutions was evaluated. The coating was prepared by adding different concentrations of silica nanoparticles (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) to the hydrolysis solution and then a second layer without silica nanoparticles was applied. The electrochemical behavior of the coated steel was evaluated by means of open-circuit potential (EOC), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization curves. Surface characterization was made by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and its hydrophobicity assessed by contact angle measurements. EIS diagrams have shown an improvement of the barrier properties of the silane layer with the silica addition, which was further improved on the bi-layer system. However, a dependence on the filler concentration was verified, and the best electrochemical response was obtained for samples modified with 300 ppm of silica nanoparticles. AFM images have shown a homogeneous distribution of the silica nanoparticles on the sample surface; however particles agglomeration was detected, which degraded the corrosion protection performance. The results were explained on the basis of the improvement of the barrier properties of the coating due to the filler addition and on the onset of defective regions on the more heavily filled coatings allowing easier electrolyte penetration.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the causes of accelerated low water corrosion (ALWC) of steel piling in a harbour in Southern England and found that the corrosion rate of steel with biofilms was higher than that recorded in sterile seawater alone (0.054 mm y−1) and in seawater to which nutrient was added.