Showing papers on "Content adaptation published in 2012"

Modeling and Simulation of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for Mobile Learning

Abstract: With recent advances in mobile learning (m-learning), it is becoming possible for learning activities to occur everywhere. The learner model presented in our earlier work was partitioned into smaller elements in the form of learner profiles, which collectively represent the entire learning process. This paper presents an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for delivering adapted learning content to mobile learners. The ANFIS model was designed using trial and error based on various experiments. This study was conducted to illustrate that ANFIS is effective with hybrid learning, for the adaptation of learning content according to learners' needs. Study results show that ANFIS has been successfully implemented for learning content adaptation within different learning context scenarios. The performance of the ANFIS model was evaluated using standard error measurements which revealed the optimal setting necessary for better predictability. The MATLAB simulation results indicate that the performance of the ANFIS approach is valuable and easy to implement. The study results are based on analysis of different model settings; they confirm that the m-learning application is functional. However, it should be noted that an increase in the number of inputs being considered by the model will increase the system response time, and hence the delay for the mobile learner.

A new approach to personalization: integrating e-learning and m-learning

Abstract: Most personalized learning systems are designed for either personal computers (e-learning) or mobile devices (m-learning). Our research has resulted in a cloud-based adaptive learning system that incorporates mobile devices into a classroom setting. This system is fully integrated into the formative assessment process and, most importantly, coexists with the present e-learning environment. Unlike many mobile learning systems, this system provides teachers with real-time feedback about individual and group learners. Its scalable and extendable architectural framework includes the server-side pedagogical recommendation of content adaptation based on the users’ knowledge-levels and preferences. Content is also automatically adapted to the end device that is being used. This context-aware delivery allows users to switch between e-learning and m-learning, and between devices, without any loss in personalized content. Our work builds on a web-based Adaptive Learning and Assessment System (ALAS) that is built on the Knowledge Space Theory model. At present, this system is used at school computer labs and our goal was to widen this user-base by enhancing this system to support personalized learning on mobile devices. This study describes our process of developing this technology, and contains an empirical analysis of students’ performance, perceptions, and achievements when using ALAS on both personal computers and mobile devices.

Cost-Aware Mobile Web Browsing

Abstract: A cost-aware mobile browsing framework automatically adapts Web content as a function of a user's data pricing plan and usage levels, reducing costs. This also enhances browsing experiences by forwarding the best possible version of a page for a given data allowance.

A context-aware multimedia service scheduling framework in smart homes

Abstract: Many pervasive services are embedded in smart homes. It is a great challenge to schedule these services due to the heterogeneity and the mobility of devices. In this article, we elaborate a context-aware service scheduling framework (CASSF), which discovers available services hosted on those heterogeneous and mobile devices, selects suitable services that meet task requirements (TR) and ultimately enhances user experience with content adaptation. Contributions of this article are in three folds. First, the device ontology is designed to describe device features including built-in services, which benefits the knowledge sharing and facilitates the service discovery; second, a context-aware service selection mechanism is proposed, in which available services and contexts including user situations, TR, device capabilities, etc. are taken into consideration. Furthermore, due to the heterogeneity and the diversity of devices, the content adaptation is introduced in the framework to improve user satisfaction. Based on the CASSF, a multimedia prompting system is implemented to assist the elderly with intelligent services, and the evaluation of the proposed framework is performed in term of the execution time. The experimental results showed the framework is feasible and effective.

CCD: A Distributed Publish/Subscribe Framework for Rich Content Formats

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a content-based publish/subscribe (pub/sub) framework that delivers matching content to subscribers in their desired format. Such a framework enables the pub/sub system to accommodate richer content formats including multimedia publications with image and video content. In our proposed framework, users (consumers) in addition to specifying their information needs (subscription queries), also specify their profile which includes the information about their receiving context which includes characteristics of the device used to receive the content (e.g., resolution of a PDA used by a consumer). The pub/sub system besides being responsible for matching and routing the published content, also becomes responsible for converting the content into the suitable format for each user. Content conversion is achieved through a set of content adaptation operators (e.g., image transcoder, document translator, etc.). We study algorithms for placement of such operators in heterogeneous pub/sub broker overlay in order to minimize the communication and computation resource consumption. Our experimental results show that careful placement of operators in pub/sub overlay network results in significant cost reduction.

A mobile QoE Architecture for Heterogeneous Multimedia Wireless Networks

Abstract: One of the main requirements in this emerging wireless multimedia era is the Quality of Experience (QoE) assurance for 2D or 3D video applications in heterogeneous multi-operator environments. Therefore, this paper proposes a QoE Architecture for Heterogeneous Multimedia Wireless Networks, called QoEHand. QoEHand extends the Media Independent Handover (MIH)/IEEE 802.21 proposal with QoE-awareness, seamless mobility, dynamic class of service mapping and a set of content adaptation schemes. The proposed solution allows the best connection and considers the QoE needs of mobile clients and available wireless resources in IEEE 802.11e and IEEE 802.16e service classes. Simulation experiments were carried out to show the impact and benefits of QoEHand on the user's perception, by using objective and subjective QoE metrics.

Content adaptation method and server

Abstract: The invention discloses a content adaptation method and a server. The content adaptation method includes steps of receiving HTTP (hyper text transport protocol) request information sent by a user terminal, acquiring the type of an operating system used by the user terminal according to the HTTP request information, defining the type of the user terminal according to the type of the operating system and adapting to contents of the user terminal according to the type of the user terminal. By the content adaptation method, excellent browser adaptation effect can be realized when different types of user terminals access on the same webpage through the same realm name, and further, realm names can be memorized conveniently, and the same browsing effect can be achieved when users switch types of the terminals.

Enabling the discovery of Adaptive Learning Resources for mobile learner

Abstract: The current advancements in mobile and communication technologies provide mobile users with unprecedented possibilities to learn on the move. The diversity in the capabilities of mobile devices as well as needs of mobile learners have, however, created many challenges for learning resource providers. To cope with these diversity problems, many content adaptation techniques have been proposed to adapt learning resources based on learner’s needs, preferences, device constraints and usage context. These techniques enable the creation of Adaptive Learning Resources to provide personalized versions of learning resources. The one issue that has not been addressed is the discovery of the potentially most useful version of a learning resource in the adaptive space created by different Adaptive Learning Resources provided by different content providers. Existing search techniques are good enough to discover only static content which has one single version unlike adaptive content. In this paper, we address this challenge by providing an Adaptive Learning Resource Meta-Model (ALRM) to enable mobile learners discover the right Adaptive Learning Resource among the many Adaptive Resources which has the Potential Most Relevant Version (PMRV). We have implemented this model in a prototype application using RDF and used SPARQL query for resource selection.

Semantic Mastering: content adaptation in the creative drama production workflow

Abstract: In order to provide audiences with a proper universal multimedia experience, all classes of media consumption devices, from high definition displays to mobile media players, must receive a product that is not only adapted to their capabilities and usage environments, but also conveys the semantics and cinematography behind the narrative in an optimal way. This paper introduces a semantic video adaptation system that incorporates the media adaptation process in the center of the drama production process. Producers, directors and other creative staff instruct the semantic adaptation system using common cinematographic terminology and vocabulary, thereby seamlessly extending the drama production process into the realm of content adaptation. The multitude of production metadata obtained from various steps in the production process provides a valuable context of narrative semantics that is exploited by the adaptation process. As such, high definition imagery can be intelligently adapted to smaller resolutions while optimally fulfilling the filmmaker's dramatic intentions with respect to the original narrative and obeying various rules of cinematographic grammar.

Management of Service Level Agreement for Service-Oriented Content Adaptation Platform

Abstract: It is paramount to provide seamless and ubiquitous access to rich contents available online to interested users via a wide range of devices with varied characteristics. Recently, a service-oriented content adaptation scheme has emerged to address this content-device mismatch problem. In this scheme, content adaptation functions are provided as services by third-party providers. Clients pay for the consumed services and thus demand service quality. As such, negotiating for the QoS offers, assuring negotiated QoS levels and accuracy of adapted content version are essential. Any non-compliance should be handled and reported in real time. These issues elevate the management of service level agreement (SLA) as an important problem. This chapter presents prior work, important challenges, and a framework for managing SLA for service-oriented content adaptation platform.

A Content Adaptation Ar chitecture for Games

Abstract: Most of the game content is designed specificaly for the device, which it is being developed for. Nowadays, with the development of mobile phones, smartphones, tablets and Digital TV, this content must be adapted to these different devices, where each have diverse characteristics and constraints, like different screen dimensions and multimedia capabilities. The adaptation task can consume time and resources, since most solutions resolve it by creating different resources for different devices. Also these resources and different versions of the resources must be managed in a higher level. In this work, a novel content adaptation architecture is presented, which was developed to gather the content from a content management system (CMS) or a version control systems (VCS) and adapt it for different devices, through the use of templates, which describes how the content must be adapted. Furthermore, as most games have different versions and content versions, like levels and characters, the architecture have a content version control, where the client (the device the game is installed and played) only receives the difference between the content version that is installed and the downloaded one. This way, the architecture avoids higher data transfers thought the network, which in some cases can be slow and expensive, since some devices connect though slow and expensive mobile networks.

Advanced delivery of sensitive multimedia content for better serving user expectations in Virtual Collaboration applications

Abstract: A major challenge when accessing protected multimedia content in heterogeneous usage environments is the ability to provide acceptable levels of quality of experience to all involving users. Additionally, different levels of protection should be possible to be addressed when manipulating the content towards the quality of experience maximization. This paper describes the use of a context-aware and Digital Rights Management (DRM)-enabled content adaptation platform towards meeting these challenges. The platform was conceived to deliver advanced content adaptation within different application scenarios, among which Virtual Collaboration (VC) was central. Descriptions of use cases implemented by the platform in heterogeneous VC environments are provided. Conducted experiments have highlighted the benefits to users when compared to an operation without the platform. Results of different adaptations suitable to sensed context conditions are also provided and analyzed. A brief description of the platform functionality is included together with pointers to additional information.

Web content adaptation for mobile device: A fuzzy-based approach

Abstract: While HTML will continue to be used to develop Web content, how to effectively and efficiently transform HTML-based content automatically into formats suitable for mobile devices remains a challenge. In this paper, we introduce a concept of coherence set and propose an algorithm to automatically identify and detect coherence sets based on quantified similarity between adjacent presentation groups. Experimental results demonstrate that our method enhances Web content analysis and adaptation on the mobile Internet. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel.2012.04.010

QoS control framework for content satisfaction in ubiquitous multimedia computing

Abstract: Ubiquitous computing platform enables interactions among users, applications, and services through wireless devices. People always connect to the Internet while moving. Although portable device can provide high-speed connectivity, a user may move into area with weak signal or thin bandwidth, which possibly hinder the reception of satisfactory multimedia traffic. In this paper, a ubiquitous computing platform is designed for quality control of multimedia and data context through the Internet to users. For the proposed platform to perform properly, traffic content should be classified into real-time or non-real-time, casual or critical, data or multimedia traffic type. Indeed, a session may consist of different traffic classes. Information for classifications may be identified through the communications between content providers and clients, or through direct communication between the platform and providers or clients. It is the goal of the proposed Quality of Service control framework which provides mechanisms for delivering satisfactory content to subscribers, through content adaptation and selections. The focus of this paper will be on setting real-time performance bound regarding multimedia traffic. Quality of images and videos can be adapted to fit different performance constraints in networks. Furthermore, traffic becomes redundant and useless when delivered information exceeds the delay tolerance of human beings. In our proposed platform, modifications are executed through agent technology inside the Internet. Thorough experiments have been carried out, and the impacts of real-time bounds are examined. Measured results indicate that the proposed framework works and meets the expectations of end-users.

Integrated system for automatic platform game level creation with difficulty and content adaptation

Abstract: This article presents an overview over our system for the creation of platform game levels. It consists of a framework with a generic and flexible approach that integrates most of the concepts that can be found in this type of games. In addition, some procedural techniques are employed allowing automatic level generation, dynamic difficulty adjustment, optional content creation and item gathering or triggering related challenges. The system can be extended by adding new plugins to support other games or generation algorithms.

Mobile Detection Algorithm in Mobile Device Detection and Content Adaptation

Abstract: This paper describes several approaches in the development of mobile web sites, including the concept of detection and adaptation for mobile content. A mobile site lacking optimization can lead to prolonged downloading of data as well as difficulties with browsing. For that reason, we need to optimize web content on such sites. Our research was conducted to determine the most adequate and most effective detection technique. This technique was then used in the development of the Mobile Detection Algorithm Based on Tera-Wurfl (MDABTW). The MDABTW algorithm is based on the Tera-Wurfl library and allows for the generation of web content in several markup languages. The basic principles of how this algorithm works are described in this paper. The MDABTW algorithm was further implemented in the regional mobile CMS, called Mobko, which is the main part of an integrated health IS providing counseling and education services for youth in the Subotica region.

Content Adaptation For Context-Aware Service

Abstract: The current and developing trend for consumers is to access web contents and applications anytime, anywhere, and on any devices. Most of Internet services and most of web contents have been designed for desktop computers, and often contain rich medias, such as images, audios, and videos. However, some devices are different from network connectivity, processing power, storage capacity, display size, and formative handling capability. In many cases, the content designed for computers is not suitable for new (and often mobile) devices. Therefore, content adaptation is needed in order to optimize the service for different devices and access methods. This research discusses the context issues for web content adaptation. The CC/PP and UAProf are two related standards that define the format to describe the capabilities of devices for accessing content. A context-aware environment should allow adaptive access to context information. In this paper, first we proposed an inference mechanism for context-aware service. Through this inference mechanism, users using different devices can get appropriate contents based on inference results. Second, we can demonstrate the correlation between classes and individuals, and provide better scalability by means of building ontologies. Lastly, SWRL depends on ontology based rule languages. Rules written based on SWRL can directly use an established object relationship from ontology.

Wap gateway development system and method based on internet content modification protocol

Abstract: The invention discloses a wap gateway development system and a method based on an internet content adaptation protocol. The method comprises: the wap gateway sends http information to an internet content adaptation protocol module; the internet content adaptation protocol module encapsulates the http information and sends the information to the internet content adaptation protocol service module;the internet content adaptation protocol service module matching modifies the internet content adaptation protocol module adaptation information according to the internet content adaptation protocol service resource and sends the information to the internet content adaptation protocol module. The system and method of the invention employs the internet content adaptation protocol module to encapsulate the http information, and sends the information to the internet content adaptation protocol server module for the matching adaptation, forms the internet content adaptation protocol service module return information, and sends the information to the internet content adaptation protocol module, which expands the wap gateway practice service range and improves the wap gateway development flexibility.

Towards a hybrid approach for adapting web graphical user interfaces to heterogeneous devices using context

Abstract: Ubiquitous Computing promises seamless access to a wide range of applications and Internet-based services from anywhere, at anytime, and using any device. In this scenario, new challenges for the practice of software development arise: Applications and services must keep a coherent behavior, a proper appearance, and must adapt to a plenty of contextual usage requirements and hardware aspects. Especially, due to its interactive nature, the interface content of Web applications must adapt to a large diversity of devices and contexts. In order to overcome such obstacles, this work introduces an innovative methodology for content adaptation of Web 2.0 interfaces. The basis of our work is to combine static adaption — the implementation of static Web interfaces; and dynamic adaptation — the alteration, during execution time, of static interfaces so as for adapting to different contexts of use. In hybrid fashion, our methodology benefits from the advantages of both adaptation strategies — static and dynamic. In this line, we designed and implemented UbiCon, a framework over which we tested our concepts through a case study and through a development experiment. Our results show that the hybrid methodology over UbiCon leads to broader and more accessible interfaces, and to faster and less costly software development. We believe that the UbiCon hybrid methodology can foster more efficient and accurate interface engineering in the industry and in the academy.

Improving the user experience by web technologies for complex multimedia services

Abstract: In this paper we address the accessibility to advanced networking functionalities and media rendering using a new framework. The objective of proposing this new framework is to make advanced services accessible for heterogeneous and limited devices. The context of this work concerns digital homes where several multimedia services exist and their use requires complex configurations and the ability to handle advanced networking op- erations. This required ability is not satisfied for handheld devices that are heterogeneous in terms of software and hardware capabilities. Indeed, even advanced mobile terminals do not support, at least natively, network- ing operations such as the multicast, services discovery and multimedia streaming with different protocols. In order to improve the user's experience in such environments, we focus on the Web accessibility and the adop- tion of the HTTP protocol that are nowadays supported by the majority of heterogeneous terminals such as mobile phones, TVs and game boxes. In order to demonstrate the feasibility and the validity of our framework we consider, as a digital home architecture, the Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) environment. We show that even if the existing architecture and multimedia/networking services are complexes, the proposed framework simplifies the architecture for the user and guarantees the delivery of an accessible and adapted response.

A content adaptation middleware for use in a mHealth system

Abstract: This paper presents an agent-based content adaptation middleware for use in a mobile eHealth (mHealth) system. The middleware was developed by utilizing an object-oriented database version of the Wireless Universal Resource FiLe (WURFL) Application Programming Interface (API) and integrated into a cloud system as means for facilitating an Always Best Connected and best Served (ABC&S) communication mode. A pure Java Wireless Abstraction Library (Java-WALL) tag and a lightweight Multi-Agent System (MAS) are presented. A number of design aspects associated with the middleware implementation are also highlighted.

A visual-sharing switching device supporting programmable in-network content adaptation

Abstract: To share visual contents among various network-enabled consumer devices in home, the visual content needs to be adapted according to the consumer device that plays the contents. Due to heterogeneity of consumer devices and content formats, content adaptation becomes challenging and cannot be achieved with several fixed content adaptation functionalities. In this paper, we present a visual-sharing switching device supporting programmable in-network content adaptation for in-home distribution of visual content. It provides computing and networking resources and its switching software supports building of custom data plane for visual content. We prototype the visual-sharing switching device and verify that it can be flexibly programmed to support various visual-sharing scenarios.

Design and Implementation of the Web Content Adaptation for Intelligent Tourism Cloud Platform

Abstract: With the development and improvement of the 3G network and the popularity of smart phones, mobile terminals are becoming people's portable multimedia information receiving tools The intelligent tourism cloud platform contains massive tourist information and forms the cloud - terminal services mode to provide visitors with rich and convenient tourism information and services It is still a long way to go to """"convert"""" more mobile phone users and Internet users into the mobile Internet users, and make it possible that tourists have access to the tourism resources required anytime they want At present, given the speed of the mobile Internet network and the capability of mobile terminals, there are problems such as inconvenient operation, slow access, and the improper display of many Internet media content and applications To this end, the design and implementation method of the web content adaptation for intelligent tourism cloud platform is proposed and the adaptation process of the multimedia operations, JavaScript adaptation, the WEB plug-in adaptation are elaborated

3D Cinema to 3DTV Content Adaptation

Abstract: 3D cinema and 3DTV have grown in popularity in recent years. Filmmakers have a significant opportunity in front of them given the recent success of 3D films. In this paper we investigate whether this opportunity could be extended to the home in a meaningful way. "3D" perceived from viewing stereoscopic content depends on the viewing geometry. This implies that the stereoscopic-3D content should be captured for a specific viewing geometry in order to provide a satisfactory 3D experience. However, although it would be possible, it is clearly not viable, to produce and transmit multiple streams of the same content for different screen sizes. In this study to solve the above problem, we analyze the performance of six different disparity-based transformation techniques, which could be used for cinema-to-3DTV content conversion. Subjective tests are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithms in terms of depth effect, visual comfort and overall 3D quality. The resultant 3DTV experience is also compared to that of cinema. We show that by applying the proper transformation technique on the content originally captured for cinema, it is possible to enhance the 3DTV experience. The selection of the appropriate transformation is highly dependent on the content characteristics.

Teaching Content adaptation for U-learning : Odin System

Abstract: The increasing of mobile technology usage popularity for internet access enables educational content access in anyplace, anytime. However, the use of this flexibility requires considerable effort, because the content sponsor must produce as many ones as the number of different devices configuration used. This work discusses the content adaptation support in actual learning management systems, the problems associated with the use of different devices to access educational content and presents Odin. The Odin offers transparency on automatic adaptation of audio, video image ant text for suitable adhibition of adapted content in different contexts, SCORM support and can be used as an extension by actual applications.

Standard-Compliant Content Adaptation in IPTV Systems

Abstract: IPTV, which is based on the universal IP infrastructure, has the inherent nature of heterogeneity in terms of content, networks, terminals, and users. An important solution to cope with such heterogeneity is content adaptation. This paper reviews the standardization issues related to content adaptation in IPTV standards. We first describe the basic architecture of content adaptation and its integration into the ITU-T IPTV architecture. Then typical methods of content adaptation in practical IPTV systems are discussed in detail. Especially, we highlight the standard metadata tools that are potential to support adaptation methods within ITU-T IPTV architecture. Some recent developments in other standard bodies are also discussed.

The Speaker and Content Adaptation in Radiology Information System

Abstract: After attempts on applying the speech recognition system to radiology information system (RIS), we focus on the implementation of introducing adaptation technology to the system. To be consistent with the practical application of RIS, we intend to solve the problems on how to adapt and add new content related to the RIS report to the old model. This paper describes an acoustic model-based speaker and content adaptation scheme using a synthetic method which introduces a simplified maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR) module to the incremental maximum a posteriori (MAP) processing. We designed and tested a procedure using our own adaptation data collected from hospital diagnostic reports. Finally, the efficiency of this method is supported by experimental results.

XESOP: a content-adaptive m-learning environment

Abstract: This demo paper illustrates content adaptation for mobile devices. Adaptation considers the context of the client and also the environment, where the client request is received. A device independent model is demonstrated in order to achieve automatic adaptation of a content based on its semantic and the capabilities of the target device. A Web Services-based Framework is presented for adapting, displaying and manipulating learning objects on small handheld devices. A speech solution allows learners to turn written text into natural speech files, in using standard voices. This demo paper also illustrates the main features of XESOP system: authoring of heterogeneous data, integration by means of Web services' invocation in a Learning Course Management System.

Context-aware content adaptation in access point

Abstract: Instead of traditional content adaptation at servers or clients, we propose context-aware content adaptation at the Access Point (AP). We show that because of the special characteristics of the AP such as: being the last node at the edge of the network, no power constraint, and powerful computing capabilities, it can be the best candidate for context-aware content adaptation in high dynamic wireless mobile networks. In fact, it can adapt content more accurately and faster in a high diverse and dynamic context. Content adaptation at the application and MAC layers of the AP is introduced in this paper.