Showing papers on "Cunninghamia published in 2017"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated how the management practices of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations affect soil organic carbon (SOC), C:N ratio and soil quality.
42 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper studied the effect of the growth of P. fortunei on soil conditions, 25 soil property parameters under Paulownia plantations were studied in Hunan Province, China.
Abstract: Paulownia, one of the fastest growing broad-leaved tree species in the world, is widely distributed in the warm temperate regions of China. However, there are few commercial-scale Paulownia plantations, and there is only limited information available about the most suitable soil quality for Paulownia fortunei growth in mid-subtropical, Hunan Province, China. To understand the effect of the growth of P. fortunei on soil conditions, 25 soil property parameters under Paulownia plantations were studied in Hunan Province, China. Seventy-two standard plots of eight different stand types were analyzed by three statistical approaches to assess soil quality (SQ) in the different P. fortunei plantations. The results revealed that a majority of the soil characteristics when intercropping with oilseed rape and the pure P. fortunei (plantation III) were better than intercropping with Camellia oleifera, orange trees, and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.). Available calcium, available magnesium, available potassium, available phosphorus, soil thickness, slope, soil organic matter, available sulfur, available copper, dehydrogenase, and available zinc were selected as the minimum data set (MDS). The SQ index (SQI) showed that three classes for soil quality among the eight P. fortunei plantations ranged from 0.48 to 0.88 and these were correlated with standing volume (p < 0.05). From the results, we concluded that selected MDS indicators can describe the soil fertility quality of P. fortunei plantations, and that the relationship between SQI and standing volume has a biological significance. P. fortunei plantations intercropped with Camellia oleifera, orange trees, and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) caused a deterioration in SQ, but intercropping oilseed rape and pure P. fortunei plantations produced an improvement in SQ.
28 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the conversion from evergreen broadleaved forests to Chinese fir plantations in subtropical region of China causes soil carbon release in early stage, but has no effect on soil carbon stocks in the long-term, and the recovery time of soil carbon stock is 27years.
27 citations
TL;DR: The results highlight that the different responses of different-aged needles to thinning have to be taken into account for understanding and modelling ecosystem responses to management, especially under the expected environmental changes in future.
24 citations
TL;DR: Together with previously described fossils, Pentakonos and Stutzeliastrobus provide additional evidence that both Cunninghamia-like and Taiwania-like plants were important elements in the early diversification of the Cupressaceae s.l.
Abstract: Premise of research. The two living species of Cunninghamia form a clade that is sister to the rest of the Cupressaceae sensu lato, within which the monotypic extant genus Taiwania is sister to all Cupressaceae except Cunninghamia. Seed cones of both Cunninghamia and Taiwania bear helically arranged bract-scale complexes, but a free ovuliferous scale is present only in Cunninghamia. Here, we describe two new genera of fossil seed cones similar to those of Cunninghamia and Taiwania.Methodology. Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) bulk lignite samples collected from the Tevshiin Govi locality were disaggregated in water, cleaned with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids, washed, and dried in air.Pivotal results. Pentakonos gen. nov. has seed cones that are up to 7 mm long with ca. 25–30 helically arranged, papery bract-scale complexes that have minute teeth. Adaxially, the free tip of the membranous ovuliferous scale is denticulate, and the scale bears five small, thin-winged seeds. Pentakonos adds to the diver...
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a generalized algebraic difference approach (GADA) was used to estimate the aboveground biomass dynamics of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Castanopsis sclerophylla.
Abstract: A generalized algebraic difference approach (GADA) developed in this study improved the estimation of aboveground biomass dynamics of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook and Castanopsis sclerophylla (Lindl.) Schott forests. This could significantly improve the fieldwork efficiency for dynamic biomass estimation without repeated measurements. The estimation of biomass growth dynamics and stocks is a fundamental requirement for evaluating both the capability and potential of forest carbon sequestration. However, the biomass dynamics of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Castanopsis sclerophylla using the generalized algebraic difference approach (GADA) model has not been made to date. This study aimed to quantify aboveground biomass (AGB, including stem, branch and leaf biomass) dynamics and AGB increment in C. lanceolata and C. sclerophylla forests by combining a GADA for diameter prediction with allometric biomass models. A total of 12 plots for a C. lanceolata plantation and 11 plots for a C. sclerophylla forest were selected randomly from a 100 m × 100 m systematic grid placed over the study area. GADA model was developed based on tree ring data for each stand. GADA models performed well for diameter prediction and successfully predicted AGB dynamics for both stands. The mean AGB of the C. lanceolata stand ranged from 69.4 ± 7.7 Mg ha−1 in 2010 to 102.5 ± 11.4 Mg ha−1 in 2013, compared to 136.9 ± 7.0 Mg ha−1 in 2010 to 154.8 ± 8.0 Mg ha−1 in 2013 for C. sclerophylla. The stem was the main component of AGB stocks and production. Significantly higher production efficiency (stem production/leaf area index) and AGB increment was observed for C. lancolata compared to C. sclerophylla. Dynamic GADA models could overcome the limitations posed by within-stand competition and limited biometric data, can be applied to study AGB dynamics and AGB increment, and contribute to improving our understanding of net primary production and carbon sequestration dynamics in forest ecosystems.
11 citations
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper described a new species of Elatides from the Lower Cretaceous Laiyang Formation in Shandong Province, China, where the details of the gross morphology and cuticular structure of the new species have been studied.
8 citations
8 citations
TL;DR: The impact of nitrogen deposition on fine root ecophysiological traits of 1⁃year⁃old Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) seedlings is investigated.
5 citations
TL;DR: To study the short-term response of soil available nitrogen to climate change (warming, nitrogen deposition), four micro-plots planted with young Cunninghamia lanceolata in a mid-subtropical region were subjected to experimentally increased soil temperature and inorganic nitrogen concentration in artificial precipitation.
5 citations
TL;DR: A short⁃term incubation experiment was conducted to measure δ C within soil CO2 efflux following soil priming effects caused by the addition of DOM from leaf and root litter of Castanopsis carlesii and Cunninghamia lanceolata, showing a significant positive relationship between soil CO 2 efflux and the content of dissolved organic carbon.
TL;DR: A maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis showed that this newly characterized Cunninghamia lanceolata chloroplast genome will provide essential data for further study on phylogenetic resolution, biodiversity for the genus Cunninghamia and Taxodiacea.
Abstract: We determined the complete chloroplast genome sequence of Cunninghamia lanceolata (GenBank accession: NC_021437.1) in this study. The total length of the chloroplast genome is 135 334 bp. The GC content is 35%. A total of 119 genes are successfully annotated, including 35 tRNA (20 tRNA species), 3 rRNA (3 rRNA species) and 81 protein-coding genes (81 PCG species). Twelve protein-coding genes (rps16, ycf3, rpoC1, atpF, rps12, ndhB, rpl2, rpl16, petD, petB, ndhA, rps15) contain one or two introns. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis showed that this newly characterized Cunninghamia lanceolata chloroplast genome will provide essential data for further study on phylogenetic resolution, biodiversity for the genus Cunninghamia and Taxodiacea.
TL;DR: Based on foliar morphology, C. protokonishii can be distinguished from all other known fossil and extant species of Cunninghamia described so far, and shows a wide range of anatomical variability compared to the two extant species that includes epidermal cell size, stomata distribution, and orientation.
Abstract: Morphological and cuticular features of Cunninghamia protokonishii were examined by studying the original material and additional fossils that were collected from the lowest Miocene to the lower Pleistocene of Japan and Korea. The species is characterized by foliar morphology that superficially resembles C. konishii, but differs by large terminal seed cones and seeds, which are more similar to C. lanceolata. Cuticle of C. protokonishii shows a wide range of anatomical variability compared to the two extant species that includes epidermal cell size, stomata distribution, and orientation. Based on foliar morphology, C. protokonishii can be distinguished from all other known fossil and extant species of Cunninghamia described so far. Distribution of C. protokonishii was mostly confined to the Japanese islands, with neighboring areas in Korea and southern Sakhalin. It appeared in eastern Asia by the earliest Miocene—a time prior to the opening of the Sea of Japan—and persisted until the Mio-Pliocene on the Japanese islands.
TL;DR: The aim of the present study was to explore the belowground responses and adaptability of the most important timber species in southern China, the Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) to global warming.
TL;DR: The results showed that the structural equation model was an excellent method to explain the relationship between environmental and stand factors, and NPP.
TL;DR: The results indicated that reasonable management measures can not only improve stand structure and productivity, but also create favorable conditions that enhance vegetation carbon fixation capacity and potential.
TL;DR: Dynamics of biomass and carbon storage in roots of the two types of plantations were investigated and found thatunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana plantations cover a large area in Guangxi with high biomass and low carbon storage.
Patent•
01 Feb 2017
TL;DR: In this article, a random block mixing method was used for mixed afforestation of cunninghamia lanceolata and taxus wallichiana mairei, which has the advantages that the wood output is diversified, the utilization rate of land is high, and the number of diseases and pests is fewer.
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for mixed afforestation of cunninghamia lanceolata and taxus wallichiana mairei. The method is characterized in that the planting is performed by a random block mixing method; the row and plant spacing of the cunninghamia lanceolata is 2*2m, the number of seedlings per mu is 217, and the afforestation area of the cunninghamia lanceolata accounts for 64% of a total area; the row and plant spacing of the taxus wallichiana mairei is 3*3m, the number of seedlings per mu is 100, and the afforestation area of the taxus wallichiana mairei accounts for 33% of the total area. The method has the advantages that the wood output is diversified, the utilization rate of land is high, and the number of diseases and pests is fewer.
Patent•
01 Feb 2017
TL;DR: In this article, a random block mixing method was used for mixed afforestation of three species of trees: cunninghamia lanceolata, taxus wallichiana mairei and phoebe zhennan.
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for mixed afforestation of cunninghamia lanceolata, taxus wallichiana mairei and phoebe zhennan The method is characterized in that the planting is performed by a random block mixing method; the row and plant spacing of the cunninghamia lanceolata is 2*2m, the number of seedlings per mu is 167, and the afforestation area of the cunninghamia lanceolata accounts for 50% of a total area; the row and plant spacing of the taxus wallichiana mairei is 3*3m, the number of seedlings per mu is 75, and the afforestation area of the taxus wallichiana mairei accounts for 25% of the total area; the row and plant spacing of the phoebe zhennan is 3*3m, the number of seedlings per mu is 75, and the afforestation area of the phoebe zhennan accounts for 25% of the total area The method has the advantages that the wood output is diversified, the utilization rate of land is high, and the number of diseases and pests is fewer
Patent•
05 Sep 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, a growing method for basal coppice shoots of cunninghamia laceolata and a cutting seedling method for cutting seedlings of the species are described.
Abstract: The invention discloses a cultivating method for basal coppice shoots of cunninghamia laceolata and a cutting seedling method. The cultivating method is characterized in that excellent single plants of isolated trees, sparse forests or sprout forests of the 8-25-year cunninghamia laceolata are selected; preconditions of not cutting down forest and preserving existing resources are obeyed; no cutting orchard needs to be newly built, coppice shoots are cultivated by adopting a method for promoting sprouting of basal parts, and the key problem of cutting seedling of the cunninghamia laceolata is solved in a targeted manner. The obtained cutting seedlings are relatively thick and strong, and have developed root systems and high afforestation survival rate; nursery stocks in the same year of afforestation grow quickly, so that the afforestation cost can be reduced and the afforestation quality is improved; meanwhile, the cultivating method and the cutting seedling method disclosed by the invention have the advantages of simple technology, easiness in operation, land conservation, less material consumption, high yield and low cost; the breeding period can be shortened by 5 years or longer; the cultivating method and the cutting seedling method are quite suitable for being popularized and used in production.
Patent•
14 Jul 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an orchard building method capable of shortening the building time of a cunninghamia lanceolata seed orchard, which consisted of the following steps: selecting CLC seedlings in large nutrition bags to perform stock cultivation and planting; performing grafting twice in spring and autumn every year; complementarily planting large-container grafted seedlings to ensure forest form orderliness; performing management after grafting.
Abstract: The invention relates to an orchard building method capable of shortening the building time of a cunninghamia lanceolata seed orchard. The orchard building method comprises the following steps: selecting cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings in large nutrition bags to perform stock cultivation and planting; performing grafting twice in spring and autumn every year; complementarily planting large-container grafted seedlings to ensure forest form orderliness; performing management after grafting. According to the method, the traditional building time of 4 to 5 years is shortened to 2.5 to 3 years, the orchard building efficiency is improved, and the survival rate of grafting is improved; meanwhile, stock plants in the seed orchard are uniform in size, and the forest form is ordered. According to the method, early production of a fine cunninghamia lanceolata seed base can be realized, the seed yield is increased, fine seeds can be supplied in time, and the production and breeding progresses of fine cunninghamia lanceolata seeds are accelerated.
08 Apr 2017
TL;DR: In this article, shared differentially expressed genes under low nitrogen and phosphorus stress were screened in Chinese fir clone X6, and 20 genes were selected based on the metabolic pathways that nitrogen and phosphorous are involved in, these genes are PNR, PSBA, EGLC, GLC, END, BGLU, AMY, A1E, PAL, GOGAT, NIR1, Nir2, C4M, PAL and POX, CCR, CCoAOMT, FDH, CHS and ANR.
Abstract: Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) is an excellent fast-growing timber species and has significant value in the forestry industry. In order to increase the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption and utilization in Chinese fir, shared differentially expressed genes under low nitrogen and phosphorus stress were screened in this study. Seedling of Chinese fir clone X6 was cultivated in aeroponic system with 3 treatments, namely, low nitrogen (LN), low phosphorus (LP) and a control check (with nitrogen and phosphorus sufficient, CK). After 4 months of treatment, the roots from the LN, LP and CK groups were collected and transcriptome sequencing was done by LC Sciences (USA) using an Illumina platform. When comparing the LN stress group with the CK group, 977 SDGEs were detected, 264 of which had KEGG annotations; 931 SDGEs were detected when comparing the LP stress group with the CK group, of which 189 had KEGG annotations; 297 SDGEs were detected in both the LN stress and LP stress groups, 78 of which had KEGG annotations representing 98 metabolic pathways. Among the 78 selected SDEGs that were differentially expressed under both LN and LP stress conditions, Twenty-one SDEGs were selected based on the metabolic pathways that nitrogen and phosphorus are involved in, these genes are PNR, PSBA, EGLC, GLC, END, BGLU, AMY, A1E, PAL, GOGAT, NIR1, NIR2, C4M, PAL, PRDX6, POX, CCR, CCoAOMT, FDH, CHS and ANR. These genes can potentially be used in breeding to improve both nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency in Chinese fir.
Patent•
15 Dec 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, a Ganoderma lucidum cultivation method using Cunninghamia lanceolata sawdust is described. But the method comprises the steps of compost preparation, inoculating box and inoculating chamber disinfection, bagging, sterilization, hypha management, contaminating microorganism inspection and control, fruiting body growing, harvesting and the like.
Abstract: The invention provides a Ganoderma lucidum cultivation method using Cunninghamia lanceolata sawdust. The method comprises the steps of compost preparation, inoculating box and inoculating chamber disinfection, bagging, sterilization, hypha management, contaminating microorganism inspection and control, fruiting body growing, harvesting and the like. The Cunninghamia lanceolata sawdust is used as a raw material for essential oil extracting, cedar wood oil is replaced by essential oil which is used for the flavor industry, and the Cunninghamia lanceolata sawdust after essential oil extracting is used for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation. In the way, not only can the Cunninghamia lanceolata sawdust be used for food preservation and freshness retaining and the raw material of the flavor industry, but also waste is used, and resources are saved, so that environment protection is promoted.
TL;DR: In this study, an N deposition simulation experiment was carried out in the Cunninghamia lanceolata forest in Shixi, Taihe County, Jiangxi Province, China, and indicated that the four treatments had a significant effect on potential soil carbon emission, but no significant effect at 25°C .
Patent•
04 Jul 2017
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors revealed a cunninghamia lanceolata writing and painting paper, which relates to the technical field of daily life and solved problems of single surface material, easy insect damage on the surface of rice paper after long collection time, and non uniqueness of the current rice paper can be solved.
Abstract: The invention discloses a cunninghamia lanceolata writing and painting paper, which relates to the technical field of daily life. The cunninghamia lanceolata writing and painting paper comprises a cunninghamia lanceolata layer and a base layer, the cunninghamia lanceolata layer is made of cunninghamia lanceolata bark, the base layer is made by a soft material, the base layer is completely covered by the cunninghamia lanceolata layer, and the cunninghamia lanceolata layer and the base layer are bound by a bonding agent. The problems of single surface material, easy insect damage on the surface of rice paper after long collection time, and non uniqueness of the current rice paper can be solved.
01 Jun 2017
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to explore the ground responses and adaptability of the most important timber species in southern China, Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), to global warming.
Patent•
22 Dec 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reveal a processing method of a cunninghamia lanceolata wall board, which consists of three stages: cutting, cooking, drying, and drying.
Abstract: The invention discloses a processing method of a cunninghamia lanceolata wall board. The processing method of the cunninghamia lanceolata wall board comprises the following steps: S1, cutting the cunninghamia lanceolata to obtain a cunninghamia lanceolata board; S2, putting the cunninghamia lanceolata board into boiling water to cook; S3, putting the cunninghamia lanceolata board cooked in the step S2 under the ventilating and lucifugal environment for 10 to 15 days; S4, putting the cunninghamia lanceolata board treated in the step S3 into plant oil, and heating to 40 to 50 DEG C, wherein the heating time is 3 to 4 hours; S5, drying the cunninghamia lanceolata board obtained in the step S4 under the vacuum condition; S6, putting the bamboo sheet obtained in the step S4 into an organic solvent, soaking for 2 to 3 hours and taking out; S6, putting the cunninghamia lanceolata board for 4 to 6 hours under the environment that the temperature is 40 to 50 DEG C and the pressure is 1.2 to 1.5 MPa; and S7, drying the cunninghamia lanceolata board treated in the step S6 to obtain the cunninghamia lanceolata wall board. By the processing method of the cunninghamia lanceolata wall board, the process design is scientific and reasonable; according to the performance characteristics of the cunninghamia lanceolata, the cunninghamia lanceolata floor board is modified by a scientific method, high performance of the cunninghamia lanceolata is guaranteed, cracking and deformation are avoided, and the stability of the cunninghamia lanceolata wall board is greatly improved.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, Wang et al. calculated the biomass expansion factor (BEF) and root: shoot ratio (R) of four typical subtropical forests (C. lanceolata plantation, Pinus massoniana evergreen coniferous forest, Choerospondias axillaris deciduous broadleaved forest, and Lithocarpus glaber- Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broadleaving forest) in Dashanchong Forest Park to calculate the biomass expand factor and R of each forest type.
Abstract: Even though the National Forest Resource Inventory (NFRI) does not provide detailed forest biomass information directly, the NFRI data are useful for estimating forest biomass and carbon stocks by using conversion parameters. However, the accuracy and errors of this approach for estimating the stand biomass of subtropical forests remain unclear. In this study, we selected four typical subtropical forests ( Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, Pinus massoniana evergreen coniferous forest, Choerospondias axillaris deciduous broadleaved forest, and Lithocarpus glaber – Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broadleaved forest) in Dashanchong Forest Park to calculate the biomass expansion factor (BEF) and the root: shoot ratio (R). Our results showed that the average BEF values were 1.144 for C . lanceolata plantation, 1.301 for P . massoniana evergreen coniferous forest, 1.592 for C . axillaris deciduous broadleaved forest, and 1.3696 for L . glaber – C . glauca evergreen broadleaved forest, while the average R values were 0.197 for C . lanceolata plantation, 0.192 for P . massoniana evergreen coniferous forest, 0.226 for C . axillaris deciduous broadleaved forest, and 0.221 for L . glaber – C . glauca evergreen broadleaved forest. These results revealed that the values of BEF and R for broadleaved forests were larger than that for coniferous forests, and suggested that calculated the BEF and R of each forest type may be important for precise estimating forest biomass in the subtropical zone of southern China.