Showing papers in "Science of The Total Environment in 2017"

TL;DR: This review critically evaluates the current literature on the presence, behaviour and fate of microplastics in freshwater and terrestrial environments and, where appropriate, draws on relevant studies from other fields including nanotechnology, agriculture and waste management.

TL;DR: A comprehensive review on pesticides with respect to their types, environmental distribution, routes of exposure, and health impacts is presented to reduce the impacts of pesticides.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the removal and fate of PPCPs in different treatment facilities as well as the optimum methods for their elimination in STP and WTP systems.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the main findings from published papers on the characteristics and sources and processes of ozone and ozone precursors in the boundary layer of urban and rural areas of China, including concentration levels, seasonal variation, meteorology conducive to photochemistry and pollution transport, key production and loss processes, ozone dependence on nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, and the effects of ozone on crops and human health.

TL;DR: The aim of this work was to comprehensively review most of the studies published on this topic in China, including literature concerning field measurements, laboratory studies and the impacts of BB indoors and outdoors in China to provide a basis for formulation of policies and regulations by policy makers in China.

TL;DR: To realise their full potential, NBS must be developed by including the experience of all relevant stakeholders such that 'solutions' contribute to achieving all dimensions of sustainability.

TL;DR: A significant strong correlation between mean LST and the density of impervious surface and green space along the urban-rural gradients of the three cities is found, highlighting the important role of green spaces in mitigating UHI effects, an important urban ecosystem service.

TL;DR: This study investigated the levels of microplastics in surface water of 20 urban lakes and urban reaches of the Hanjiang River and Yangtze River of Wuhan, the largest city in central China, to provide important reference for better understanding microplastic levels in inland freshwaters.

TL;DR: The analysis suggests that the evapotranspiration-based cooling influence of both green and bluespace is primarily relevant for urban canopy-layer conditions, and that tree-dominated greenspace offers the greatest heat stress relief when it is most needed.

TL;DR: This paper reviews membrane fouling types and fouling control strategies, with a focus on the latest developments, including biofouling, organic fouling, inorganic scaling and colloidal fouling.

TL;DR: Evaluating water quality of the Aksu River, the main river recharging the Karacaören-1 Dam Lake and flowing approximately 145km from Isparta province to Mediterranean, shows that water quality is poor and very poor in the north and south of the river basin.

TL;DR: It is found that ESVs decreased by 0.45% and 0.10% during the periods 1988-2000 and 2000- 2008, respectively, and that ESV changes in China during the period 2000-2008 were relatively moderate compared to the rest of the world over a similar period.

TL;DR: This review adds and details the textile perspective to the microplastics exploring nomenclature, characteristics and factors influencing emission, but also evidencing gaps in knowledge needed to overcome this issue.

TL;DR: New insights are provided into plastic particles' effects on zebrafish larvae, improving the understanding of their environmental risks to the aquatic environment and changing the larvae swimming behavior when co-exposed with EE2.

TL;DR: Estimates showed the levels of microplastic pollution released into the region from ships and scientific research stations were likely to be negligible at the scale of the Southern Ocean, but may be significant on a local scale, and called for routine, standardised monitoring in the Antarctic marine system.

TL;DR: This review paper focuses on the sources, generation, and use of different organic amendments to remediate Cd contaminated soil, discusses their effects on soil physical and chemical properties, Cd bioavailability, plant uptake, and human health risk, and provides an update of the most relevant findings.

TL;DR: How the Directive has been interpreted is reviewed, focusing on its intentions and how they were applied, revealing the absence of the paradigm shift towards the systems (integrated) thinking that the WFD was grounded on, as a fundamental problem with its implementation.

TL;DR: Detailed policy roadmaps and technical options related to these future emission reductions for governmental stakeholders are provided.

TL;DR: The overall aim of this review is to examine methods for the capture and detection of AgNPs, potential toxicity and transmission routes in the aquatic environment.

TL;DR: Results suggest that planktivorous fish, as a consequence of their feeding behaviour as visual predators, are directly exposed to floating microplastics, which may be exacerbated in the clear oceanic waters of the subtropical gyres, where anthropogenic litter accumulates in great quantity.

TL;DR: This review provides a summary of the knowledge of LID as a stormwater management technique and climate change mitigation measure as well as the current state of research and implementation of this topic.

TL;DR: Results indicate that this naturally occurring fungus may actively contribute to the biodegradation of microplastics, requiring minimum nutrients.

TL;DR: Treating biological materials with a 10% KOH solution and incubating at 40°C was both time and cost-effective, efficient in digesting biological materials, and had no impact on the integrity of the plastic polymers.

TL;DR: Shrubs and sparse vegetation were extremely sensitive to short-term climatic variations, and the results demonstrated that these vegetation types were the most seriously degraded by human activities and regional governments should strive to restore vegetation to sustain this fragile arid ecological environment.

TL;DR: By combining datasets related to global wetlands, it is found that at least 33% of global wetlands had been lost as of 2009, including 4.58millionkm2 of non-water wetlands and 2.64millionkm3 of open water.

TL;DR: According to the detected relationships between urbanization and TES, the economic and population urbanization should be strengthened accompanied by slowing or even reducing land urbanization, so as to achieve urban ecological sustainability with less ecosystem services degradation.

TL;DR: The extensive consumption of seafood globally, along with the preliminary toxicological profiles of these compounds and their confounding effect on assessing exposure to inorganic As, suggests further investigations and process-level studies on organic As are needed to fill the current gaps in knowledge.

TL;DR: China's emission inventories in the baseline 2012 and the future scenarios of 2017 and 2020 have been developed based on this Action Plan to alleviate PM2.5 pollution level in Jing-Jin-Ji region and emission control of NMVOC and NH3 should be paid more attention and be strengthened in future.

TL;DR: It is concluded that biochar is a potentially effective amendment to reverse or to prevent acidification in acid soils.

TL;DR: The performance characteristics of several low-cost particle and gas monitoring sensors are reviewed and recommendations to end-users for making proper sensor selection are provided by summarizing the capabilities and limitations of such sensors.