Showing papers on "Four-stroke engine published in 2005"

Reciprocating internal combustion engine e.g. commercial vehicle diesel engine, has eccentric tappet moved along length of piston rod, where changeable resistor affects adjustment movement of tappet and effects adjustment movement of tappet

Abstract: The engine (55) has an eccentric tappet that is arranged in a piston rod bearing lug (2) or in a hoisting bearing lug of a piston rod (17). The eccentric tappet is moved along an effective length of the piston rod by torque, which is effected by movement of the piston rod. A changeable resistor affects an adjustment movement of the eccentric tappet and effects damped adjustment movement of the eccentric tappet. An independent claim is also included for a method for changing an adjustable compression ratio in a reciprocating internal combustion engine.

Control device and control method for stopping and starting an internal combustion engine

Abstract: The present invention has an object of providing a technology capable of stopping and starting an internal combustion engine restraining vibrations and a scatter in crank angle when the internal combustion engine stops. For a period till an actual stop of the internal combustion engine since a stopping condition of the internal combustion engine was established, an air quantity of air flowing into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine is decreased when a number of revolutions of the engine is higher than a specified number of revolutions (S102) and is increased when the number of revolutions of the engine is equal to or lower than the specified number of revolutions (S106).

Engine start control apparatus, engine start control method, and motor vehicle equipped with engine start control apparatus

Abstract: In a motor vehicle with idle stop function, upon satisfaction of preset engine restart conditions (step S205), automatic engine restart control refers to a preset map representing a variation in amount of fuel Q1, which is to be initially injected into a cylinder Cyin stopping in an intake stroke, against the piston stop position Pin of the cylinder Cyin, and specifies the amount of fuel Q1 corresponding to the detected piston stop position Pin of the cylinder Cyin (step S220). The automatic engine restart control then controls an injector to inject the specified amount of fuel Q1 into an intake port of the cylinder Cyin (step S230). Under the condition that the piston stop position Pin of the cylinder Cyin suggests low gas intake performance, the increased amount of fuel Q1 is injected into the intake port of the cylinder Cyin. This arrangement desirably reduces a misfire rate at the timing of first combustion and thereby improves the startability of an engine. When the amount of fuel Q1 specified at step S220 is equal to zero, the cylinder Cyin is not subject to the first combustion. Such control desirably prevents poor emission.

Control device for free piston engine and method for the same

Abstract: A free piston engine has a pair of pistons opposing to each other and movable in a cylinder, to form a combustion chamber between the pistons. A mixed gas of air and fuel is supplied into the combustion chamber and the mixed gas is auto-ignited when it is compressed by the pistons. A temperature and/or an air-fuel ratio of the mixed gas, and/or a pressure in the combustion chamber is detected to control displacements of the pistons, so that the mixed gas is auto-ignited at an optimum timing to efficiently operate the free piston engine.

Engine controller for starting and stopping engine

Abstract: During a shut-down period of an engine based on an idle stop control, a computer estimates a power stroke cylinder and a compression stroke cylinder when the engine is stopped. A fuel is injected into the power stroke cylinder and the compression stroke cylinder in an intake stroke just before the engine is stopped. An air-fuel mixture is hold in each cylinder with the engine stopped. When an auto start is required while the engine is stopped, a spark ignition is performed in the power stroke cylinder to start cranking of the engine by combustion energy. At nest ignition timing, a spark ignition is performed in the compression stroke cylinder to start the engine without an aid of a starter.

NOx emission control for a controlled auto-ignition four-stroke internal combustion engine

Abstract: A four-stroke internal combustion engine is operated in controlled auto-ignition mode by any of a variety of valve control strategies conducive to controlled auto-ignition conditions in conjunction with in-cylinder fuel charges that are at either stoichiometric or lean of stoichiometric air-fuel ratios. A measure of engine NOx emission is provided and when it crosses a predetermined threshold, the in-cylinder fuel charge is transitioned from the operative one of the stoichiometric or lean of stoichiometric air-fuel ratios to the inoperative one of the stoichiometric or lean of stoichiometric air-fuel ratios.

Stop control method and stop control device for internal combustion engine

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress vibration of an internal combustion engine at a time of stop of the internal combustion engine and to stabilize crank stop position based on piston position for improving startability of the internal combustion engine. SOLUTION: In a stop control method of the internal combustion engine 1 provided with a reciprocating piston 3 and a throttle 13 as an air quantity change means changing suction air quantity to a combustion chamber 5 and controlling piston stop position by changing suction air quantity, a condition such as rotation load of the internal combustion engine is estimated by a rotation load estimation means 34 after stop operation of the internal combustion engine 1 by a combustion completion control means 33, and suction air quantity is changed by the air quantity change means 35 according to the condition. The air quantity change means 35 reduces suction air quantity to predetermined quantity and then preferably increases suction air quantity to the predetermined quantity when rotation speed of the internal combustion engine reaches predetermined rotation speed. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Start-Up Control Apparatus For An Internal Combustion Engine

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a start-up control apparatus for an internal combustion engine that can further improve the start-up characteristics of an internal combustion engine. An ECU is provided that corrects a position at which the crankshaft stops or a position at which the crankshaft is predicted to stop based on a rotation state of the crankshaft immediately before stopping; switches an actuation timing of the fuel injection valve of the stopped intake-stroke cylinder, which is predicted to be in a intake stroke based on a position at which the crankshaft stops, based on the position at which the crankshaft is predicted to stop; during engine start-up, switches an ignition timing that actuates the spark plugs based on the position at which the crankshaft stops; predicts the amount of air that is drawn into a cylinder during a predetermined interval after engine start-up, based on the engine speed, the position at which the crankshaft stops, volume in a intake passage, and the number of times that the intake stroke has been carried out; and calculates the fuel injection amount for the cylinder based on the predicted amount of air.

Four stroke engine auto-ignition combustion

Abstract: A method of operating a four-stroke gasoline direct-injection controlled auto-ignition combustion engine includes opening both the intake and exhaust valves during terminal portions of the expansion strokes and initial portions of the contraction strokes, injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber for mixing with retained gases and igniting the fuel near the ends of the contraction strokes. In the process, combustion gases are expanded to produce power during mayor portions of the expansion strokes, combusted gases are blown down into the exhaust outlet and the air inlet and are partially redrawn into the cylinder with fresh air during the terminal portions of the expansion strokes so the air charges are heated by the hot exhaust gases. Portions of the charges re-expelled and the remaining portions of the charges and injected fuel are compressed for ignition of the dilute fuel/ air and exhaust gas mixture. Substantial reductions of NOx emissions result from the method.

Understanding the infiuence of valve timings on controlled autoignition combustion in a four-stroke port fuel injection engine

Abstract: Controlled autoignition (CAI) combustion, also known as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), was achieved through the negative valve overlap approach by using small-lift camshafts. Three-dimensional multicycle engine simulations were carried out in order better to understand the effects of variable intake valve timings on the gas exchange process, mixing quality, CAI combustion, and pollutant formation in a four-stroke port fuel injection (PFI) gasoline engine. Full engine cycle simulation, including complete gas exchange and combustion processes, was carried out over several cycles in order to obtain the stable cycle for analysis. The combustion models used in the present study are a modified shell ignition model and a laminar and turbulent characteristic time model, which can take high residual gas fraction into account. After the validation of the model against experimental data, investigations of the effects of variable intake valve timing strategies on the CAI combustion process were carried out. These analyses show that the intake valve opening (WO) and intake valve closing (IVC) timings have a strong influence on the gas exchange and mixing processes in the cylinder, which in turn affect the engine performance and emissions. Symmetric IVO timing relative to exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing tends to produce a more stratified mixture, earlier ignition timing, and localized combustion, and hence higher NO, and lower unburned HC and CO emissions, whereas retarded WO leads to faster mixing, a more homogeneous mixture, and uniform temperature distribution.

The science and technology of materials in automotive engines

Abstract: Preface Engines The piston The piston ring The cylinder The camshaft The valve and valve seat The valve spring The crankshaft Connecting rod The catalyst Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Glossary of technical terms.

Protective Engine Speed Control for a Centrifugal Clutch

Abstract: A device that controls the engine speed of an internal combustion engine of a hand-held power tool has a protective control unit. The engine has an ignition control unit for controlling the ignition timing relative to a crank angle of a crankshaft based on the crankshaft speed and also has a centrifugal clutch driven by the crankshaft that begins to engage when a first engine speed is surpassed and is fully engaged when a second engine speed is reached. The protective control unit is activated within an engine speed range between the first and second engine speeds and monitors a dwell time of the actual engine speed within the engine speed range. When a predetermined dwell time of the actual engine speed is surpassed, the protective control unit intervenes in the combustion process and corrects the engine speed to a value that is outside of the engine speed range.

Internal combustion engine with variable volume prechamber

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and method of operating an engine is provided. The engine comprises a piston cylinder formed within an engine block, an engine head secured to the engine block, a primary piston configured to slide within the piston cylinder, a main combustion chamber that is defined by the primary piston, piston cylinder, and engine head, a variable volume prechamber formed within the engine head and in fluid communication with the main combustion chamber, an ignition device configured to ignite a fuel within the prechamber, and a prechamber piston configured to translate within the prechamber. Translation of the prechamber piston within the prechamber varies the volume within the prechamber. The engine is characterized in that the prechamber comprises at least one orifice that provides fluid communication between the prechamber and the main combustion chamber.

Piston For Internal-Combustion Engine And Combination Of Piston And Piston Ring For Internal-Combustion Engine

Abstract: A piston for an internal-combustion engine includes a through-hole communicating with the inner space of the piston formed in an oil-ring groove into which an oil ring is fitted and a through-hole connected with a second-ring groove, the through-hole having an opening spreading from the lower portion of the bottom of the second-ring groove in a top-to-bottom direction of the piston to the lower surface of the second-ring groove and linearly extending to the inner space of the piston; and a combination of the piston and piston rings of the three-ring type for an internal-combustion engine, the end gaps of compression rings among the piston rings being set in a predetermined range.

Snowmobile with a turbocharged four-stroke engine

Abstract: A snowmobile is provided that includes a frame, an engine, an endless belt drive system, and an air intake system for the engine. The frame has a forward portion and an aft portion. The engine is mounted to the forward portion and the belt drive system is mounted to the aft portion and is operatively connected to the engine. The engine is a turbocharged four-stroke type engine.

Effects of Post Injection on Piston Lubrication in a Common Rail Small Bore Diesel Engine

Abstract: The authors et al. developed a unique single cylinder diesel engine equipped with a floating liner device for the measurement of piston friction force, aimed at the clarification of the relationship between the multiple fuel injections and the state of piston lubrication. Using this engine, the effects of the post fuel injections on the state of piston lubrication have been checked under this study, according to the variation in the piston friction force. As a result, it is verified that the oil film on the cylinder near the top dead center is diluted immediately with the injected fuel, and that the piston lubrication deteriorates more than anticipated even for the case using the SAE 5W/30 oil, compared with the case where the SAE 0W/20 oil with a lower viscosity is used. It is confirmed, on the other hand, that the deterioration in piston lubrication can be suppressed by increasing the post injection pressure, and conducting the injection at a proper timing prior to the opening of exhaust valve.

Internal combustion engine lubricating device

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an internal combustion engine lubricating device for accelerating the warm-up of a piston while reducing friction at starting and reducing the driving load of an oil pump in a medium speed rotation region. SOLUTION: The internal combustion engine lubricating device 100 comprises an oil jet for supplying oil to the piston 20 of an internal combustion engine 1 to cool the piston 20 and for supplying oil to a cylinder bore 30 to lubricate and cool the cylinder bore 30. The oil jet has a piston oil jet portion 105 and a cylinder bore oil jet portion 106. Depending on the operated condition of the internal combustion engine, the oil jet 150 supplies the oil to at least one of the piston 20 and the cylinder bore 30. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Engine Starting for Engine Having Adjustable Valve Operation

Abstract: A method for controlling an engine having at least two cylinders, at least one of which having at least an adjustable valve, the method comprising before engine rotation closing electrically actuated valves in at least a first and a second cylinder; fueling at least said first cylinder with a first fuel amount and said second cylinder with a second fuel amount; and performing a first spark in at least one of said first cylinder and said second cylinder; and after engine rotation, firing each cylinder of the engine in a sequential firing order without changing a number of strokes in any cylinder of the engine.

Engine control with variable control valve

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine. The method includes disabling at least one piston cylinder of the engine. While said at least one piston cylinder is disabled, turbulence is selectively varied in an air intake pathway of an enabled piston cylinder, so as to vary charge motion within the enabled piston cylinder. The selective variation of turbulence is effected at a location in the air intake pathway between a throttle of the engine and an intake valve of the enabled cylinder.

Engine starting control system of internal combustion engine

Abstract: In an engine starting control system of an internal combustion engine in which an eco-run control is performed, a combustion stroke that each cylinder reaches when the internal combustion engine comes to an engine stopped state by the eco-run control is predicted, and in an expansion stroke cylinder that the predicted combustion stroke is an expansion stroke, fuel of a predetermined amount is injected from an intake passage injection valve into an intake passage just before the internal combustion engine comes to an engine stopped state, and in the expansion stroke cylinder, an engine start of the internal combustion engine in an engine stopped state is performed by injecting fuel from the cylinder injection valve into the cylinder and igniting the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder by an ignition plug.

Internal combustion engine and control method therefor

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and control method therefor in which the engine is selectively started by combustion without cranking The temperature in the combustion chamber of an engine cylinder is stabilized upon starting of the engine, thereby allowing secured staring without cranking When predetermined idling stop conditions (or engine stop conditions) are established, the temperature in the combustion chamber is estimated based on engine operating conditions read before such establishment, and the period of maintaining a engine rotational speed in a predetermined low range before stopping the engine is calculated or estimated based on the estimated temperature in the combustion chamber The engine is then stopped after the calculated or estimated period of maintaining the engine rotational speed in the predetermined low range

Experimental Investigations on a Jatropha Oil Methyl Ester Fuelled Diesel Engine

Abstract: Biodiesel is a non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable fuel with the potential to reduce engine exhaust emissions. The methyl ester of jatropha oil, known as biodiesel, is receiving increasing attention as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The biodiesel is obtained through transesterification process. Various properties of the biodiesel thus developed are evaluated and compared in relation to that of conventional diesel oil. In the present investigation neat jatropha oil methyl ester (JME) as well as the blends of varying proportions of jatropha oil methyl ester (JME) and diesel were used to run a CI engine. A four stroke diesel engine having compression ratio of 17.5: 1 and developing 5.2 kW at 1500 rpm was used. Experiments were initially carried out on the engine at all loads using diesel to provide baseline data. Significant improvements in engine performance and emission characteristics were observed for JME fuel. The addition of jatropha methyl ester (JME) to diesel fuel has significantly reduced HC, CO, CO2 and smoke emissions but it increases the NOx emission slightly. The maximum reduction in smoke emission was observed by 35% in case of neat biodiesel operation as compared to diesel. The unburned hydrocarbon emission was drastically reduced by 53% for neat biodiesel operation.© 2005 ASME

Power plant including an internal combustion engine with a variable compression ratio system

Abstract: A power plant includes an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft to which a piston is connected and a variable compression ratio system for changing the position of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. The power plant includes a transmission having a main shaft which is connected to the crankshaft through a first deceleration system. The variable compression ratio system includes a crankshaft holder, which rotatably supports the crankshaft and which is swingably supported on a main shaft, and a drive system which swings the crankshaft holder. Thus, the power plant retains unchanged the distance of shafts between the crankshaft and the main shaft, even when the combustion engine has a variable compression ratio system, by changing the position of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.

Three-phase fuel injection sequence for four-stroke internal combustion engine at different crankshaft angles

Abstract: In a four-stroke engine electronic ignition process with direct fuel injection, fuel (2) is injected (3) into a cylinder (4) and ignited by a sparking plug. The crankshaft angle (alpha 1) at which fuel is first injected (9) is determined in accordance with the engine load, delivering a lean mixture (13). The engine load is subsequently determined at a second crankshaft angle (alpha 2) and a second charge (10) of fuel is injected, resulting in a richer mixture overall, and a mixed lean/rich vapor cloud embedded within the lean (13) vapor cloud. At the ignition point there follows a third layered injection (13) of fuel, resulting in a richer explosive mixture in the immediate vicinity of the spark plug.