Showing papers on "Nickel published in 1968"
967 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an investigation was made of the uptake of trace elements from both distilled water and sea water by the chelating ion-exchange resins Chelex-100 and Permutit S1005.
424 citations
349 citations
166 citations
156 citations
Patent•
23 Sep 1968
TL;DR: HIGH STABILITY, AUTOCATALYTIC ELECTROLESS NICKEL PLATING BATH COMPRISING an AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINing about 0.08-016 MOLE/LITER NICKels IONS, about 019-0.38 MOLE / LITER HYPOPHOSPHITE IONS and ESSENTIALLY about 035-3.14 MOLE or Liter CITRATE IONS as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: HIGH STABILITY, AUTOCATALYTIC ELECTROLESS NICKEL PLATING BATH COMPRISING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING ABOUT 0.08-016 MOLE/LITER NICKEL IONS, ABOUT 0.19-0.38 MOLE/ LITER HYPOPHOSPHITE IONS, AND ESSENTIALLY ABOUT 0.35-3.68 MOLE/LITER AMMONIUM IONS, ABOUT 0.0.-1.07 MOLE/LITER ACETATE ION AND ABOUT 0.007-0.14 MOLE/LITER CITRATE IONS, THE SOLUTION HAVING A PH IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 7.0 TO ABOUT 9.5 THE AMMONIUM IONS COMPLEX PALLADOUS IONS INTRODUCED INTO THE PLATING BATH BY "DRAG OUT" FROM THE ACTIVATOR SOLUTION TO FORM A SOLUBLE AMMONIUM-PALLADIUM COMPLEX, WHICH INHIBITS REDUCTION OF PALLADOUS ION TO ZERO VALENT CATALYTIC PALLADIUM BY THE HYPOPHOSPHITE OF THE BATH. BY THE REMOVAL OF POTENTIAL CATALYST SITES FROM THE BATH OR BY RENDERING THE POTENTIAL SITES RELATIVELY CATALYTICALLY INACTIVE, RANDOM DEPOSITION OF THE NICKEL AND PREMATURE LOSS OF THE BATH IS AVOIDED.
154 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, surface segregation of sulfur in nickel and steel, and of chromium and antimony in steel have been observed using an Auger electron method of analysis, which provides a useful technique for studies of diffusion and segregation in solids.
Abstract: Surface segregation of sulfur in nickel and steel, and of chromium and antimony in steel have been observed using an Auger electron method of analysis. The method provides a useful technique for studies of diffusion and segregation in solids.
142 citations
119 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of pressure on the crystal structure and the molar volume of iron alloyed with 5 and 10% nickel was determined up to 300 kb at room temperature by means of X-ray diffraction techniques employing a diamond-anvil high pressure cell.
Abstract: The effect of pressure on the crystal structure and the molar volume of iron alloyed with 5 and 10% nickel was determined up to 300 kb at room temperature by means of X-ray diffraction techniques employing a diamond-anvil high-pressure cell. The alloys undergo a reversible bcc-hcp phase transformation, which is accompanied by a volume change of −0.36 ± 0.02 cm3/mole. The crystallographic axis ratio, c/a, of the hcp phase appears to increase with nickel content, whereas it appears to be unaffected by pressure. The bulk moduli calculated from the volume data for the bcc and hcp phases of the alloys do not differ significantly from those for the respective phases of iron. The bulk modulus value for the hcp phase evaluated at zero pressure has been calculated to be 2.06 ± 0.15 Mb and is about 20% greater than that for the bcc phase. The volume of the hcp phase at zero pressure has been calculated from the pressure-volume data by extrapolation. A value of 6.67 ± 0.02 cm3/mole has been obtained for iron and the alloys. The pressure-volume relationship obtained by this work is consistent with the results obtained by R. G. McQueen and S. P. Marsh (1960, 1966) using shock compression techniques.
119 citations
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the phase distribution of equilibrated copper-nickel films with equal surface compositions has been analyzed and shown to be a constant multiplicity over the alloys of equal surface composition.
TL;DR: In this article, the frequency dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the nondiagonal components of the dielectric permeability tensor of iron, cobalt, and nickel is calculated in the region 0.2-6.0 eV from experimental curves of the equatorial Kerr effect.
Abstract: The frequency dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the nondiagonal components of the dielectric permeability tensor of iron, cobalt, and nickel is calculated in the region 0.2–6.0 eV from experimental curves of the equatorial Kerr effect. The curves obtained can be reconciled with results from photoemission by assuming that the curve of positive values of e2′ corresponding to transitions in the 3d ↓ subband is pushed down by the curve e2′ with the opposite sign corresponding to transitions in the 3d ↑ subband.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the chemisorption of hydrogen sulfide on some nickel catalysts in the temperature range 550-645 °C and showed that a saturation layer was formed at ratios above 5 × 10−6, approximately, and at ratios at 10−3 bulk sulfide (Ni2S3) was formed.
TL;DR: In this paper, a transmission electron microscopy investigation was made of the structural defects in nickel oxide films formed at 500° and 600°C on metallographically polished polycrystalline nickel.
TL;DR: In this article, stacking-fault energy measurements on nickel-cobalt alloys, obtained by three different methods, have been compared and the combined results from the node and empirical texture methods differ from those obtained by the tetrahedron method, which are consistently lower though showing the same form of variation with composition.
Abstract: Stacking-fault energy measurements on nickel-cobalt alloys, obtained by three different methods, have been compared. The combined results from the node and empirical texture methods differ from those obtained by the tetrahedron method, which are consistently lower though showing the same form of variation with composition. The discrepancy is critically discussed and a probable value of 240 ± 50 ergs/cm2 obtained for the stacking-fault energy of nickel.
TL;DR: Lattice spacings have been determined at room temperature for the cubic (C15) Laves phases formed by rare-earth metals with iron, and with nickel, together with the variation of lattice spacing with temperature for GdCo 2.
Abstract: Lattice spacings have been determined at room temperature for the cubic (C15) Laves phases formed by rare-earth metals with iron, and with nickel, together with the variation of lattice spacing with temperature for GdCo 2 The results are briefly discussed and compared with previous work on GdCo 2 The results suggest that in GdFe 2 and GdNi 2 the gadolinium atoms have an abnormally small apparent atomic diameter, whereas in GdCo 2 , the apparent atomic diameter of gadolinium corresponds with that of the pure metal In CeFe 2 , CeCo 2 , and CeNi 2 the apparent atomic diameters of cerium are consistent with the complete or partial transfer of the 4 f electrons of cerium to the conduction band The elements samarium, neodymium and praseodymium appear to adopt expanded atomic diameters in the RENi 2 phases similar to those observed in the corresponding REAl 2 and REPt 2 phases
TL;DR: The room-temperature strengths of interfaces formed by melting aluminium, cobalt, gold, iron, nickel, palladium, silver, and uranium in contact with alumina have been measured as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The room-temperature strengths of interfaces formed by melting aluminium, cobalt, gold, iron, nickel, palladium, silver, and uranium in contact with alumina have been measured. Correlations were sought between the strengths and the physical properties of the systems. Metals which formed void-free interfaces and were not subject to martensitic transformations bonded well to alumina. Metals subject to martensitic transformations (cobalt and uranium) were virtually non-adherent at room temperature.
TL;DR: In this paper, the nickel surface was studied for exposure to oxygen at room and elevated temperatures and high vacuum, and the results showed that nickel surface showed little degradation in the presence of oxygen.
TL;DR: The radial distribution function for an electrodeposited amorphous nickel-phosphorus (149 wt% P) alloy has been determined in this article, and the atomic distribution was found to be similar to that in a liquid metal.
Abstract: The radial distribution function for an electrodeposited amorphous nickel‐phosphorus (149 wt% P) alloy has been determined The atomic distribution was found to be similar to that in a liquid metal, and more disordered than that observed in an amorphous nickel‐phosphorus alloy produced by chemical deposition Two transformations (both exothermic) were observed in this alloy; the first of which occurred at 280°±2°C with an energy of 185 cal/g (960 cal/g atom) and the second at 410°±5°C with an energy of 60 cal/g (310 cal/g atom) As deposited, the alloy exhibits only a very weak small‐angle x‐ray scattering, apparently not due to the presence of the phosphorus
TL;DR: In this article, the electrical resistivity has been measured over the temperature range 1 °K to 120 °K in dilute alloys of nickel with Pd, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, V and Ti.
Abstract: The electrical resistivity has been measured over the temperature range 1 °K to 120 °K in dilute alloys of nickel with Pd, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, V and Ti. The impurity (residual) resistivity is very small for alloys of nickel with its near neighbours in the periodic table, Pd, Cu, Co, Fe and Mn, but is an order of magnitude greater for alloys containing Cr, V and Ti. The ice-point values of the deviations from Matthiessen's rule are unusually large in the Ni-Co, Ni-Fe, Ni-Mn, and Ni-Cr alloys, somewhat smaller in the Ni-Cu, Ni-V and Ni-Ti alloys, and negligible in Ni-Pd. These results are interpreted on the assumption that the departures from Matthiessen's rule arise because of spin mixing between electrons in the spin downward arrow and spin upward arrow bands. On this basis it has proved possible to separate the two components of impurity resistivity for the two spin directions. The values obtained correlate well with the known band structure and impurity states of nickel and its alloys. In addition, the temperature dependence of the deviations in all the measured alloys can be explained on the basis of spin mixing, with the only adjustable parameter being capital Lambda, Greek(upward arrowdownward arrow), the mean free path between spin flips.
01 Jan 1968
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss catalyzed hydrogenation in the presence of unsupported catalysts, especially of evaporated films of pure metals, and discuss the effects of these catalysts.
Abstract: Catalyzed hydrogenation in the presence of unsupported catalysts, especially of evaporated films of pure metals is discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, it is suggested that hydrogen can lower the stacking-fault energy of nickel from 240 to 155ergs, but has no effect on the critical resolved shear stress at any temperature.
Abstract: Shear stress/shear strain curves for nickel single crystals containing 9 ppm hydrogen (0.045 at.-%) have been compared with those of hydrogen-free crystals over the range −196 to 100°C. The presence of hydrogen causes serrated yielding of the nickel and an increase in the shear stress τIII between − 125 and 0° C, but has no effect on the critical resolved shear stress (C.R.S.S.) at any temperature. These observations are explained in terms of the interaction between dislocations and dissolved hydrogen which is able to diffuse during deformation. It is suggested that hydrogen can lower the stacking-fault energy of nickel from 240 to 155ergs.cm−2.