Showing papers on "Sativum published in 1976"
87 citations
TL;DR: Since high cytokinin levels were associated with nodules having high mitotic rates or with the meristematic cells, it is proposed that cytokinins influence nodule morphogenesis by regulating the mitotic activity of the noduleMeristem.
Abstract: Quantitative changes in cytokinins were examined in developing root nodules on the lateral roots of seedlings of the garden pea Pisum sativum cv. Little Marvel infected with Rhizobium leguminosarum...
66 citations
TL;DR: Five cytokinin activities which induced soybean callus proliferation were detected in ethanol extracts of root nodules of the garden pea and the most active factors were identified as zeatin and its riboside on the basis of their mobility on thin layer chromatography in three solvent systems.
Abstract: Five cytokinin activities which induced soybean callus proliferation were detected in ethanol extracts of root nodules of the garden pea (Pisum sativum L., cv. Little Marvel). The most active factors among them were identified as zeatin and its riboside on the basis of their mobility on thin layer chromatography in three solvent systems. Smaller activities of zeatin ribotide, isopentenyladenine and its riboside were also detected. Cytokinin activity gradually decreased with the cultivation period, but no qualitative change in the active compounds was found.
56 citations
51 citations
TL;DR: The subunit structure and N-terminal sequences of the oand &subunits of the phytohemagglutinin of the garden pea (Pisum sutivum), a protein with sugar binding properties similar to those of concanavalin A are described.
37 citations
TL;DR: Grafting experiments indicate that the factor preventing nodulation is in the root and is not translocated from the cotyledon or plant top, and Rhizobium leguminosarum could exist in the rhizosphere.
Abstract: A non-nodulating cultivar of Pisum sativum cv. Afghanistan was studied to characterize the nature and location of the non-nodulating factor. Nodule formation was not temperature sensitive. Rhizobium leguminosarum could exist in the rhizosphere. Root secretions did not decrease nodulation in adjacent normal plants, nor did the proximity of normal plants promote nodulation. Infection threads formed in the root hairs, but nodules were not formed. The infection process apparently aborted, resulting in the formation of swellings on areas of the root where nodulation would normally occur. Grafting experiments indicate that the factor preventing nodulation is in the root and is not translocated from the cotyledon or plant top.
35 citations
27 citations
26 citations
TL;DR: Increases in RNA values for all three varieties were proportional to cell weight in the early stages but at later stages RNA values decreased, and a hypothesis for the regulation of DNA and RNA synthesis by the cell volume is proposed.
24 citations
TL;DR: These events appear to correlate in time with the subsequent reduction and recovery in mitotic index in Pisum sativum root meristem cells exposed to 2 MHz ultrasound.
Abstract: SummaryThe amounts of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis were determined in Pisum sativum root meristem cells at various times after a 1 min exposure to 1 MHz ultrasound at a power density of 30 W/cm2. Immediate depressions in all three macromolecular syntheses occurred after sonication, followed by an apparent recovery several hours later. These events appear to correlate in time with the subsequent reduction and recovery in mitotic index in Pisum sativum root meristem cells exposed to 2 MHz ultrasound.
17 citations
TL;DR: In the garden pea the mitochondria were uncoupled after about 48 h of germination, while in P. elatius the ability to carry out oxidative phosphorylation was maintained for 4 days and the respiratory control ratio was higher in the wild pea at all stages of Germination and a steady level of oxygen uptake was maintained in the cotyledons for at least 3 days.
Abstract: Breakdown of storage materials, oxygen uptake, respiratory control and ADP/O ratios in the cotyledons of the garden pea P. sativum and in the wild pea P. elatius were compared. Starch and protein degradation was slower in P. elatius than in P. sativum. Embryo growth began later in the wild pea. However, in the garden pea the mitochondria were uncoupled after about 48 h of germination, while in P. elatius the ability to carry out oxidative phosphorylation was maintained for 4 days. The respiratory control ratio was higher in the wild pea at all stages of germination and a steady level of oxygen uptake was maintained in the cotyledons for at least 3 days.
The findings are discussed in relation to the ecological requirements for germination in the two species.
TL;DR: Autoradiography and microdensitometry show that the rate of 3H-thymidine incorporation into nuclei of Pisum is maximal when about half the DNA has been replicated, and that ethylene has no effect upon this rate.
Abstract: Ethylene at a concentration of 100 μl l−1 causes a slight increase in the duration of the mitotic cycle in the primary root meristems of both Pisum sativum L. and Zea mays L. This is due to a lengthening of the G1 phase; other phases of the cycle are unaffected. Autoradiography and microdensitometry show that the rate of 3H-thymidine incorporation into nuclei of Pisum is maximal when about half the DNA has been replicated, and that ethylene has no effect upon this rate. Ethylene causes a reduction of the number of dividing cells in the root meristem, particularly in Pisum.
TL;DR: The toxic metabolite victoxinine (C17H29NO), considered previously to be a unique product of Helminthosporium victoriae, has been found consistently in culture filtrates of H. sativum strains isolated from a wide variety of sources, indicating a close relationship between the two phytopathogenic fungi.
Abstract: The toxic metabolite victoxinine (C17H29NO), considered previously to be a unique product of Helminthosporium victoriae, has been found consistently in culture filtrates of H. sativum strains isola...
Patent•
27 Oct 1976
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the oxidation of fat or oil in stored food and the resulting rancid taste of the stored food are inhibited by the presence of small amounts of young leaves and shoots of Coriandrum sativum L., or of the juice or extract obtained from such plant parts.
Abstract: The oxidation of fat or oil in stored food and the resulting rancid taste of the stored food are inhibited by the presence of small amounts of young leaves and shoots of Coriandrum sativum L., or of the juice or extract obtained from such plant parts.
TL;DR: Pisum sativum (cv. ‘Dark-skinned Perfection’) plants grown in perlite and supplied with nutrient solutions varied in their response to pea leaf roll depending on the Ca(NO3)2: KH2PO4 ratio, and the disease had no significant effect on plants growing in high levels of Ca (NO32)2 and KH2 PO4, but plants grew in low Ca( NO32 and high KH2po4 were severely
Abstract: Pisum sativum (cv. ‘Dark-skinned Perfection’) plants grown in perlite and supplied with nutrient solutions varied in their response to pea leaf roll depending on the Ca(NO3)2: KH2PO4 ratio. The disease had no significant effect on plants grown in high levels of Ca (NO3)2 and KH2PO4, but plants grown in low Ca(NO3)2 and high KH2PO4 were severely stunted. Nodulation was unaffected by leaf roll infection. Synergism occurred between leaf roll ;md mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) infection.
TL;DR: Plantago mottle virus (RMV), a member of the tymovirus group, was identified as the causal agent of a disease of pea (Pisum sativum) in New York State.
Abstract: SUMMARY
Plantago mottle virus (RMV), a member of the tymovirus group, was identified as the causal agent of a disease of pea (Pisum sativum) in New York State. The pea virus isolates were identical in host range and serology to the type strain from Plantago major. In susceptible pea genotypes symptoms were strongly influenced by ambient temperature; high temperature (35°C) reduced infectivity and suppressed symptoms, whereas low temperature (15 and 25°C) prolonged the incubation period but favoured the development of conspicuous leaf veinal chlorosis, mottle and necrosis.
Resistance to P1MV was found in seventeen of twenty-five domestic pea cultivars and in two of twelve foreign introductions. Many of the P1MV-resistant lines were resistant also to bean yellow mosaic virus. The use of resistant cultivars and the apparent limited conditions for efficient transmission of this virus have minimized its importance to pea crops in New York State.
TL;DR: The effect of fruit development prior to ripening on the growth of both axillary buds and grafted young buds was examined in pea, finding no effect on their growth capacity or senescence as compared to deflowered plants.
Abstract: The effect of fruit development prior to ripening on the growth of both axillary buds and grafted young buds was examined in pea (Pisum sativum L. var Alaska). While fruit development retards the growth of these apices it has no effect on their growth capacity or senescence as compared to deflowered plants.
TL;DR: The data obtained indicate specific correlations between growth and nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism and there is some evidence that the isoenzyme pattern is influenced by carbohydrate metabolism.
Abstract: Growth, N-metabolism and isoenzyme pattern of glutamate dehydrogenase in batch-cultures of Pisum sativum cells under light and dark conditions.
Cell suspension cultures of Pisum sativum L. derived from root and shoot sections of seedlings have been prepared and cultured in defined nutrient medium. Both the cells and the media were analysed daily for the N-fractions and carbohydrates during the growth period.
The data obtained indicate specific correlations between growth and nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism. At the beginning of the growth cycle ammonia as compared to nitrate was favoured in uptake. An increased uptake of nitrate occurred at the end of the linear growth phase when carbohydrate in the media was depleted. The uptake of sucrose was rapid during the whole growth cycle, only in the range of the linear growth phase the uptake stagnated for 3 or 4 days. During increased biosynthesis of nitrogenous compounds at the beginning of the growth cycle up to seven isoenzymes of the glutamate dehydrogenase could be separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isoenzyme pattern changed during the stationary growth phase, especially when the carbohydrate content in the medium decreased. There is some evidence that the isoenzyme pattern is influenced by carbohydrate metabolism.
TL;DR: The results suggest that factors other than soil chemical properties probably had an appreciable effect on yields as discussed by the authors, however, that factors such as soil chemical property probably had little effect on yield.
Abstract: Soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merr., field peas, Plsum sativum I., and fababeans, Vicia faba L., were each grown at either three or four locations. Fertilizer treatments consisted of three rates of N, three of P and three of K applied in all possible combinations. In general fertilizers had minimal effects on yields and on the percentages of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in leaf tissue. The most consistent effect was a decrease in leaf Mg with application of increasing; rates of K. Average yields at different locations ranged from 1735–2997 kg/ha for soybeans, 2940–3246 kg/ha for field peas and 1569—4435 kg/ha for fababeans. The results suggest, however, that factors other than soil chemical properties probably had an appreciable effect on yields.
TL;DR: The work reported here shows a specific effect of kinetin in enhancing LAT activity in pea buds and indicating its possible mode of action at the translational level.
Abstract: The work reported here shows a specific effect of kinetin in enhancing LAT activity in pea buds and indicating its possible mode of action at the translational level. Other hormones tested did not show any appreciable effect on the enzyme activity.
Journal Article•
Dissertation•
16 Nov 1976
TL;DR: The effect of raised bed culture on winter survival of ten pea genotypes, differing in inherent cold hardiness and growth habit, was studied under two climatic conditions: a moist semi-maritime winter (Corvallis, Oregon) and a cold continental winter (Weston, Oregon).
Abstract: approved: rs^ D^r^l. R. Baggett The effect of raised bed culture on winter survival of ten pea genotypes (Pisum sativum L. ), differing in inherent cold hardiness and growth habit, was studied under two climatic conditions: a moist semi-maritime winter (Corvallis, Oregon) and a cold continental winter (Weston, Oregon). An assessment of winter injury was based on three indices: percent survival, plant weight, and a visually assigned damage rating. Varying percentages of seven genotypes survived at Corvallis and of six at Weston. Planting on raised beds at Corvallis significantly increased the mean percent survival and plant weight and decreased the mean damage rating. Of two Corvallis planting dates, September 18 and October 10, 1975, the latter had a slgnifiqantly higher mean percent survival and a lower mean damage rating. At Weston, the mean percent survival was higher on ground level plantings. Plant weight was not affected by planting method. At this location there was a significant interaction between planting method and genotype. Of the six surviving genotypes only the two least hardy had significantly higher percent survival on ground level plantings. Controlled freezing tests between -2 and -10° C were conducted on four genotypes, AW, WH2, INTl, and S4, to determine their relative levels of inherent cold hardiness and cold acclimating ability. An electrolyte leaching method of determining the extent of freezing injury ranked the genotypes as follows, from most hardy to least: AW = WH2 > INTl > S4. A visual estimation of damage ranked the genotypes as follows: WH2 > AW > INTl > S4. In comparison, percent survival in the field studies ranked the four genotypes: AW > WH2 >INT1 > S4. Genotypes with a compact growth habit, AW and WH2, acclimated > 4° C, whereas those with an upright growth habit, INTl and S4, acclimated 1-2° C. Frost Resistance of Pea Genotypes (Pisum sativarn L. ) Grown in the Field on Ground Level and Raised Beds, and Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions by Michael Ryan Becwar A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science June 1977