Bruce R. Levin

TL;DR: The data available from recent laboratory studies suggest that most, but not all, resistance-determining mutations and accessory elements engender some fitness cost, but those costs are likely to be ameliorated by subsequent evolution.

TL;DR: Improving the understanding of the biomedical significance of co-evolution will require changing the way in which the authors look for it, complementing the phenomenological approach traditionally favored by evolutionary biologists with the exploitation of the extensive data becoming available on the molecular biology and molecular genetics of host–pathogen interactions.

TL;DR: Scientists working on the response of bacteria to antibiotics define antibiotic persistence and provide practical guidance on how to study bacterial persister cells, and provide a guide to measuring persistence.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that in these experiments, the ascent of intermediate-fitness compensatory mutants, rather than high-f fitness revertants, can be attributed to higher rates of compensatory mutations relative to that of reversion and to the numerical bottlenecks associated with serial passage is supported.

TL;DR: It is suggested that structured habitats are more favorable for the evolution of colicinogenic bacteria than liquid cultures, which exist as randomly distributed individuals and as single-clone colonies.