Dorothy Koch

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided an assessment of black-carbon climate forcing that is comprehensive in its inclusion of all known and relevant processes and that is quantitative in providing best estimates and uncertainties of the main forcing terms: direct solar absorption; influence on liquid, mixed phase, and ice clouds; and deposition on snow and ice.

TL;DR: This paper examined the response of Arctic gas and aerosol concentrations to perturbations in pollutant emissions from Europe, East and South Asia, and North America using re-sults from a coordinated model intercomparison.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the GISS general circulation model (GCM) to calculate anthropogenic sulfate direct radiative forcing and found that sulfate is a relatively high anthropogenic SO2 and sulfate burden.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors simulate the major anthropogenic aerosols, sulfate, organic carbon and black carbon, in the Goddard Institute for Space Studies General Circulation Model (GISS GCM), and examine their transport, relative abundances, and direct radiative forcing.

TL;DR: It is found that the amount of BC in current climatologies must be increased by a factor of 2–4 to yield best agreement with AERONET, in the approximation in which BC is externally mixed with other aerosols.