Guorui Xie

TL;DR: Major advances in the last 2 years in the understanding of hedgehog signaling activation in human cancer, interactions between Hedgehog signaling and other pathways in carcinogenesis, potential antagonists for hedgehog signaled inhibition and their clinical implications for human cancer treatment are summarized.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided to indicate that hedgehog signaling activation occurs frequently in HCCs, and that specific inhibition of Hedgehog signaling in these three cell lines by smoothened (SMO) antagonist, KAAD-cyclopamine, or with Shh neutralizing antibodies decreases expression of hedgehog target genes, inhibits cell growth and results in apoptosis.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mTOR signalling in cancer cells dictates a mammary tumour’s ability to stimulate MDSC accumulation through regulating G-CSF, establishing a non-canonical oncogenic role of m TOR signalling in recruiting pro-tumorigenic MDSCs and showing how defined cancer subsets may evolve to promote and depend on a distinct immune microenvironment.

TL;DR: It is suggested that long-lived and robust T cell immunity is generated following natural SARS-CoV-2 infection, and support an important role for Sars-Cov-2-specific T cells in host control of COVID-19.

TL;DR: This work describes a method that leverages high-dimensional phenotyping using CyTOF to trace latently infected cells reactivated ex vivo to their original pre-activation states, and suggests that the reservoir is not randomly distributed among cell subsets, and is remarkably conserved between individuals.