Hans Balsiger

TL;DR: The Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment as discussed by the authors measured the full, three-dimensional ion distribution of the major magnetospheric ions (H+, He+, He++, and O+) from the thermal energies to about 40 keV/e.

TL;DR: The direct in situ measurement of the D/H ratio in the Jupiter family comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by the ROSINA mass spectrometer aboard the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft is found to be (5.3 ± 0.7) × 10−4—that is, approximately three times the terrestrial value.

TL;DR: The presence of volatile glycine accompanied by methylamine and ethylamines in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko measured by the ROSINA (Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis) mass spectrometer demonstrates that comets could have played a crucial role in the emergence of life on Earth.

TL;DR: The Giotto space probe's ion mass spectrometer has obtained data on the composition and velocity distributions of cometary ions at distances of between 7.5 million and 1300 km from the comet Halley nucleus as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a large ion composition data set consisting of 1-month averages has been assembled for the energy per charge range 0.9 -15.9 keV/e. Data were obtained during the rising and maximum phases of the current solar cycle from May 1977 through November 1981 inclusive.