Showing papers by "Mohsen Naghavi published in 2013"
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation1, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio2, Emory University3, Mayo Clinic4, Harvard University5, Boston University6, Michigan State University7, National Institutes of Health8, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center9, Health Effects Institute10, Loyola University Chicago11, University of Washington12, University of California, San Diego13, University of Pennsylvania14, Veterans Health Administration15, Beth Israel Medical Center16, Johns Hopkins University17, Imperial College London18, Carnegie Mellon University19, Howard University20, University of California, San Francisco21, Columbia University22, New York University23, Karolinska Institutet24, George Mason University25, Nova Southeastern University26, University of Miami27, Northwestern University28, Thomas Jefferson University29, China Medical Board30, Pacific Institute31, Duke University32, Brigham and Women's Hospital33, California Environmental Protection Agency34, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services35, Brigham Young University36, University of Missouri37, University of California, Los Angeles38, Vanderbilt University39, University of Maryland, College Park40, University of Alabama at Birmingham41, Brandeis University42, University of Tokyo43, The Queen's Medical Center44, Drexel University45, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center46, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health47, Brown University48, University of Melbourne49
TL;DR: To measure the burden of diseases, injuries, and leading risk factors in the United States from 1990 to 2010 and to compare these measurements with those of the 34 countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), systematic analysis of descriptive epidemiology was used.
Abstract: Importance Understanding the major health problems in the United States and how they are changing over time is critical for informing national health policy. Objectives To measure the burden of diseases, injuries, and leading risk factors in the United States from 1990 to 2010 and to compare these measurements with those of the 34 countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Design We used the systematic analysis of descriptive epidemiology of 291 diseases and injuries, 1160 sequelae of these diseases and injuries, and 67 risk factors or clusters of risk factors from 1990 to 2010 for 187 countries developed for the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study to describe the health status of the United States and to compare US health outcomes with those of 34 OECD countries. Years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs) were computed by multiplying the number of deaths at each age by a reference life expectancy at that age. Years lived with disability (YLDs) were calculated by multiplying prevalence (based on systematic reviews) by the disability weight (based on population-based surveys) for each sequela; disability in this study refers to any short- or long-term loss of health. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were estimated as the sum of YLDs and YLLs. Deaths and DALYs related to risk factors were based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses of exposure data and relative risks for risk-outcome pairs. Healthy life expectancy (HALE) was used to summarize overall population health, accounting for both length of life and levels of ill health experienced at different ages. Results US life expectancy for both sexes combined increased from 75.2 years in 1990 to 78.2 years in 2010; during the same period, HALE increased from 65.8 years to 68.1 years. The diseases and injuries with the largest number of YLLs in 2010 were ischemic heart disease, lung cancer, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and road injury. Age-standardized YLL rates increased for Alzheimer disease, drug use disorders, chronic kidney disease, kidney cancer, and falls. The diseases with the largest number of YLDs in 2010 were low back pain, major depressive disorder, other musculoskeletal disorders, neck pain, and anxiety disorders. As the US population has aged, YLDs have comprised a larger share of DALYs than have YLLs. The leading risk factors related to DALYs were dietary risks, tobacco smoking, high body mass index, high blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, physical inactivity, and alcohol use. Among 34 OECD countries between 1990 and 2010, the US rank for the age-standardized death rate changed from 18th to 27th, for the age-standardized YLL rate from 23rd to 28th, for the age-standardized YLD rate from 5th to 6th, for life expectancy at birth from 20th to 27th, and for HALE from 14th to 26th. Conclusions and Relevance From 1990 to 2010, the United States made substantial progress in improving health. Life expectancy at birth and HALE increased, all-cause death rates at all ages decreased, and age-specific rates of years lived with disability remained stable. However, morbidity and chronic disability now account for nearly half of the US health burden, and improvements in population health in the United States have not kept pace with advances in population health in other wealthy nations.
2,159 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive assessment of disease burden in China, how it changed between 1990 and 2010, and how China's health burden compares with other nations is done to guide policy responses to the changing disease spectrum in China.
1,636 citations
TL;DR: The global burden of untreated caries, severe periodontitis, and severe tooth loss in 2010 is reported on and the challenge in responding to the diversity of urgent oral health needs worldwide is highlighted, particularly in developing communities.
Abstract: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 Study produced comparable estimates of the burden of 291 diseases and injuries in 1990, 2005, and 2010. This article reports on the global burden of untreated caries, severe periodontitis, and severe tooth loss in 2010 and compares those figures with new estimates for 1990. We used disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs) metrics to quantify burden. Oral conditions affected 3.9 billion people, and untreated caries in permanent teeth was the most prevalent condition evaluated for the entire GBD 2010 Study (global prevalence of 35% for all ages combined). Oral conditions combined accounted for 15 million DALYs globally (1.9% of all YLDs; 0.6% of all DALYs), implying an average health loss of 224 years per 100,000 population. DALYs due to oral conditions increased 20.8% between 1990 and 2010, mainly due to population growth and aging. While DALYs due to severe periodontitis and untreated caries increased, those due to severe tooth loss decreased. DALYs differed by age groups and regions, but not by genders. The findings highlight the challenge in responding to the diversity of urgent oral health needs worldwide, particularly in developing communities.
1,256 citations
Auckland University of Technology1, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation2, National Institutes of Health3, Clinical Trial Service Unit4, Columbia University Medical Center5, University of Miami6, Washington State Institute for Public Policy7, Copenhagen University Hospital8, National University of Ireland, Galway9, National University of Singapore10, University of Auckland11, Imperial College London12
TL;DR: Worldwide, the burden of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke increased significantly between 1990 and 2010 in terms of the absolute number of people with incident ischaemia and haelopathy, number of deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years lost, and DALYs lost.
1,031 citations
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation1, University of Manchester2, Public Health England3, St George's, University of London4, Clinical Trial Service Unit5, King's College London6, University of London7, Anglia Ruskin University8, Moorfields Eye Hospital9, University of Cambridge10, University of Liverpool11, University of Leicester12, Imperial College London13, Ulster University14, University of Bristol15, Swansea University16, Queen Mary University of London17, University of Oxford18, Harvard University19, University of Tokyo20, University of Nottingham21, Royal Cornwall Hospital22, University of Queensland23
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) as mentioned in this paper examined the patterns of health loss in the UK, the leading preventable risks that explain some of these patterns, and how UK outcomes compare with a set of comparable countries in the European Union and elsewhere in 1990 and 2010.
527 citations
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Risk Factors and Injuries 2010 Study as discussed by the authors estimated global and regional IHD mortality from 1980 to 2010 from country-level surveillance, verbal autopsy, and vital registration data.
Abstract: Background—Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Risk Factors and Injuries 2010 Study estimated global and regional IHD mortality from 1980 to 2010. Methods and Results—Sources for IHD mortality estimates were country-level surveillance, verbal autopsy, and vital registration data. Regional income, metabolic and nutritional risk factors, and other covariates were estimated from surveys and a systematic review. An estimation and validation process led to an ensemble model of IHD mortality for 21 world regions. Globally, age-standardized IHD mortality has declined since the 1980s, and high-income regions (especially Australasia, Western Europe, and North America) experienced the most remarkable declines. Age-standardized IHD mortality increased in former Soviet Union countries and South Asia in the 1990s and attenuated after 2000. In 2010, Eastern Europe and Central Asia had the highest age-standardized IHD mortality rates. More IHD deaths occur...
482 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a model based on the Global Burden of Disease 2010 data to estimate that there will be about 3·87 million premature deaths by 2025 from cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and chronic respiratory diseases in people aged 30-69 years in Pakistan, with serious economic consequences.
104 citations
TL;DR: The epidemiological situation in Mexico, demands an urgent adaptation and modernization of the health system and the problems with diet contribute 12% of the burden.
Abstract: Objective. To present the results of the burden of disease, injuries and risk factors in Mexico from 1990 to 2010 for the principal illnesses, injuries and risk factors by sex. Materials and methods. A secondary analysis of the study results published by the Global Burden of Disease 2010 for Mexico performed by IHME. Results. In 2010, Mexico lost 26.2 million of Disability adjusted live years (DALYs), 56 % were in male and 44 % in women. The main causes of DALYs in men are violence, ischemic heart disease and road traffic injuries. In the case of women the leading causes are diabetes, chronic kidney disease and ischemic heart diseases. The mental disorders and musculoskeletal conditions concentrate 18% of health lost. The risk factors that most affect men in Mexico are: alcohol consumption, overweight/obesity, high blood glucose levels and blood pressure and tobacco consumption (35.6 % of DALYs lost). In women, overweight and obesity, high blood sugar and blood pressure, lack of physical activity and consumption of alcohol are responsible for 40 % of DALYs lost. In both sexes the problems with diet contribute 12% of the burden. Conclusions. The epidemiological situation in Mexico, demands an urgent adaptation and modernization of the health system
94 citations
TL;DR: This work assessed deaths from CVDs, including congenital heart disease (CoHD), by age and sex at the global level in 21 world in 21 years.
59 citations
TL;DR: An increasing burden of NCDs in Africa shows a growing health iceberg hidden under epidemics of infectious diseases, including mental and behavioural conditions and musculoskeletal diseases.
48 citations
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2010 as mentioned in this paper provided the most comprehensive survey of anaemia burden to date, estimating mild, moderate, and severe anaemia in 1990 and 2010 for 187 countries, both sexes, and 20 age groups.
TL;DR: A systematic review of published literature and hospital discharge data was analyzed to estimate heart failure prevalence by cause and found that smoking and alcohol abuse are major causes of heart failure.
TL;DR: The USA consistently ranks below other developed nations and many developing nations for mental disorders despite spending 17·6% of its gross domestic product on health in 2010, with 5% of that on mental health, among the highest of any country.
TL;DR: Gaps in mortality and cause of death data could be remedied through increased investment in vital registration and verbal autopsy data collection, particularly in low-resource settings, and the accuracy of future GBD updates will be enhanced by improvements and expansion in data collection.
TL;DR: Metrics about the quality and availability of data from vital registration (VR) systems have important implications for policy and research, and with improved information about where death certificates are reliably filled out and reported and where they are not, data collection efforts and health information system strengthening can be focused on areas of high need.
TL;DR: Using more data than have ever been used previously, novel methods, and a more parsimonious choice of disease categories, it is found that skin conditions are widespread, and the burden due to these diseases is enormous.
TL;DR: A country-level comparison of dialysis rates, transplantation rates, and untreated CKD stage 5 in order to identify countries and regions with large disparities and unmet treatment need for ESRD is provided.
TL;DR: Though it is unclear if public health interventions can address birth prevalence or disability burden, it appears that significant progress has been made in reducing mortality over the last 20 years.