N. R. Schnepf

TL;DR: The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was adopted by the IGA Division V Working Group (V-MOD) in 2019 as discussed by the authors, which provides the equations defining the IGRF, the spherical harmonic coefficients for this thirteenth generation model, maps of magnetic declination, inclination, and total field intensity for the epoch 2020.0, and maps of their predicted rate of change for the 2020 to 2025.0 time period.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used satellite-detected tidal magnetic fields to image the global electrical structure of the oceanic lithosphere and upper mantle down to a depth of about 250 km.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors link variable patterns of freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean to the regime shifts observed in Northwest Atlantic shelf ecosystems, and hypothesize that the corresponding salinity anomalies, both negative and positive, alter the timing and extent of water-column stratification, thereby impacting the production and seasonal cycles of phytoplankton, zoopls, and higher-trophic-level consumers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed magnetometer data from ocean-bottom stations, where the low-noise and high-signal environment is most suitable for detecting the weak tidal magnetic signals, by numerically predicting the magnetic field with a spatial resolution that is 16 times higher than previous studies and by using four different models of upper-mantle conductivity.

TL;DR: The IGRF-13 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was released by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division V Working Group V-MOD as mentioned in this paper.