Uwe Müller

TL;DR: In the striatum, a part of the basal ganglia affected in humans with a speech deficit due to a nonfunctional FOXP2 allele, it is found that medium spiny neurons have increased dendrite lengths and increased synaptic plasticity, suggesting that alterations in cortico-basal ganglia circuits might have been important for the evolution of speech and language in humans.

TL;DR: IL-13 contributes to fatal allergic inflammation during C. neoformans infection and was found to induce formation of alternatively activated macrophages expressing arginase-1, macrophage mannose receptor (CD206), and YM1, which led to lung eosinophilia, goblet cell metaplasia and elevated mucus production, and enhanced airway hyperreactivity.

TL;DR: Results show that IL-23 complements the more dominant role of IL-12 in protection against a chronic fungal infection by an enhanced inflammatory cell response and distinct cytokine regulation.

TL;DR: It is suggested that CSF SBDP levels can predict injury severity and mortality after severe TBI, and can be useful complements to clinical assessment.

TL;DR: New developments, current knowledge and controversies are summarized, focusing on the potential role of these biomarkers as diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring tools of brain-injured patients.