Ciena

About: Ciena is a company organization based out in Hanover, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Node (networking). The organization has 1259 authors who have published 1557 publications receiving 25989 citations.

DQPSK transmitter with parallel precoder and high-speed DQPSK data stream realignment

Abstract: The present invention utilizes field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to implement a parallel differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) precoder and a DQPSK optical transmitter with an automatic realignment process. The present invention can perform DQPSK preceding, modulation, and data stream realignment at any lower rate, and its upper rate is determined by capability in speed and logic resources and external connections of available integrated circuit technology.

Control and enhancement of photo-induced refractive index modifications in fused silica

Abstract: A thorough study of the femtosecond photo-inscription of optical waveguides in fused silica is presented. Quantitative phase microscopy was used to study the variation of the index contrast of the waveguides as a function of the writing conditions. It is revealed that waveguides based exclusively on Type I refractive index modifications are difficult to form for pulses longer than 300 fs. We show that this limitation can be circumvented by scanning the laser beam multiple times at low pulse energy. We also demonstrate that by equally multiplying the scan speed and the number of passes, the index contrast can be increased, which was not expected for the low-repetition-rate regime. Based on the nonlinear ionization memory, we propose an explanation for this phenomenon. For shorter pulses, multiple passes of the beam allowed for the formation of waveguides with an enhanced index contrast while preserving the morphology and uniformity of Type I modifications. Index contrasts up to 9 × 10−3 in Heraeus F300 fused silica are reported. Using this method, waveguides that exhibits single mode operation at wavelengths of 405, 633, 980 and 1550 nm were successfully inscribed.

Nonlinear Spatially Resolved Interferometer (NL-SRI) for characterizing Optical Properties of Deployed Telecommunication Cables

Abstract: Using pump-probe measurements on multi-span optical links may result in the determination of one or more of the following: 1) wavelength-dependent power profile and gain evolution along the optical link; 2) wavelength-dependent dispersion map; and 3) location of regions of high polarization-dependent loss (PDL) and polarization-mode dispersion (PMD). Such measurements may be a useful diagnostic for maintenance and upgrade activities on deployed cables as well as for commissioning new cables.

Monitoring and auto-correction systems and methods for microservices

Abstract: A monitoring system for microservices includes a messaging system communicatively coupled to a plurality of services, wherein the messaging system is configured to publish metrics from the plurality of services to the analytics engine; an analytics engine communicatively coupled to the messaging system, wherein the analytics engine is configured to analyze the metrics to determine insights related to operation of the plurality of services; and a policy engine communicatively coupled to the analytics engine, wherein the policy engine is configured to determine actions associated with one or more services based on the analysis and push the actions to the one or more services for implementation.

Apparatus and method for efficient detection and suppression of corrupted fibre channel frames in a protected transmission medium

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting and suppressing corrupted data frames transported from a SONET network to a receiver utilizing the SOF frame indicator to manage the buffer-to-buffer credit count. By verifying the integrity of the SOF frame indicator prior to forwarding it to the client receiver the apparatus and method ensure that the buffer-to-buffer credit count integrity is maintained while avoiding the introduction of latency. A frame de-encapsulation component produces data frames compatible with the receiver from SONET frames input thereto and outputs the receiver-compatible data frames. An idle frame signal generator generates idle frame signals. A Start of Frame (SOF) indicator detector detects a Start of Frame indicator in each data frame output from the frame de-encapsulation component, determines whether the Start of Frame indicator is valid or corrupted and produces an output signal indicative of that determination. A multiplexer selects, for output to the receiver, one of a first and a second signal input thereto on the basis of the output signal produced by the Start of Frame (SOF) indicator detector, the first input signal being a current data frame and the second input signal being an idle frame signal, whereby the first input signal is selected when the output signal produced by the Start of Frame (SOF) indicator detector indicates that the Start of Frame indicator is valid and the second input signal is selected when the output signal produced by the Start of Frame (SOF) indicator detector indicates that the Start of Frame indicator is corrupted.