Institution
Hampton University
Education•Hampton, Virginia, United States•
About: Hampton University is a education organization based out in Hampton, Virginia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Large Hadron Collider & Thermosphere. The organization has 1395 authors who have published 3296 publications receiving 130266 citations. The organization is also known as: Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute & Hampton Institute.
Topics: Large Hadron Collider, Thermosphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Lepton
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented, which has a significance of 5.9 standard deviations, corresponding to a background fluctuation probability of 1.7×10−9.
9,282 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macro-autophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.
Abstract: In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes.
For example, a key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process versus those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process including the amount and rate of cargo sequestered and degraded). In particular, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation must be differentiated from stimuli that increase autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. It is worth emphasizing here that lysosomal digestion is a stage of autophagy and evaluating its competence is a crucial part of the evaluation of autophagic flux, or complete autophagy.
Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. Along these lines, because of the potential for pleiotropic effects due to blocking autophagy through genetic manipulation, it is imperative to target by gene knockout or RNA interference more than one autophagy-related protein. In addition, some individual Atg proteins, or groups of proteins, are involved in other cellular pathways implying that not all Atg proteins can be used as a specific marker for an autophagic process. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
5,187 citations
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23 Feb 2020
TL;DR: The ATLAS detector as installed in its experimental cavern at point 1 at CERN is described in this paper, where a brief overview of the expected performance of the detector when the Large Hadron Collider begins operation is also presented.
Abstract: The ATLAS detector as installed in its experimental cavern at point 1 at CERN is described in this paper. A brief overview of the expected performance of the detector when the Large Hadron Collider begins operation is also presented.
3,111 citations
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University of Manchester1, KEK2, CERN3, Complutense University of Madrid4, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory5, Toyama College6, Lebedev Physical Institute7, Fermilab8, University of Paris-Sud9, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory10, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI11, Queen's University Belfast12, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information13, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare14, Northeastern University15, University of Seville16, National University of Cordoba17, Saint Joseph University18, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research19, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute20, University of Wollongong21, Hampton University22, TRIUMF23, ETH Zurich24, Centre national de la recherche scientifique25, University of Bordeaux26, University of Helsinki27, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine28, National Technical University of Athens29, University of Notre Dame30, Ashikaga Institute of Technology31, Kobe University32, Intelligence and National Security Alliance33, University of Trieste34, University of Warwick35, University of Belgrade36, Instituto Superior Técnico37, European Space Agency38, Varian Medical Systems39, George Washington University40, Ritsumeikan University41, Ton Duc Thang University42, Université Paris-Saclay43, Idaho State University44, Naruto University of Education45
01 Nov 2016-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: Geant4 as discussed by the authors is a software toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter, which is used by a large number of experiments and projects in a variety of application domains, including high energy physics, astrophysics and space science, medical physics and radiation protection.
Abstract: Geant4 is a software toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter. It is used by a large number of experiments and projects in a variety of application domains, including high energy physics, astrophysics and space science, medical physics and radiation protection. Over the past several years, major changes have been made to the toolkit in order to accommodate the needs of these user communities, and to efficiently exploit the growth of computing power made available by advances in technology. The adaptation of Geant4 to multithreading, advances in physics, detector modeling and visualization, extensions to the toolkit, including biasing and reverse Monte Carlo, and tools for physics and release validation are discussed here.
2,260 citations
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TL;DR: A measurement of the Higgs boson mass is presented based on the combined data samples of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN LHC in the H→γγ and H→ZZ→4ℓ decay channels.
Abstract: A measurement of the Higgs boson mass is presented based on the combined data samples of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN LHC in the H→γγ and H→ZZ→4l decay channels. The results are obtained from a simultaneous fit to the reconstructed invariant mass peaks in the two channels and for the two experiments. The measured masses from the individual channels and the two experiments are found to be consistent among themselves. The combined measured mass of the Higgs boson is mH=125.09±0.21 (stat)±0.11 (syst) GeV.
1,567 citations
Authors
Showing all 1399 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
G. A. Cowan | 159 | 2353 | 172594 |
Tracey Berry | 129 | 1016 | 81044 |
Francesco Spanò | 128 | 890 | 76459 |
Stephen Gibson | 128 | 877 | 73780 |
Ketevi Assamagan | 128 | 934 | 77061 |
Kunihiro Nagano | 128 | 990 | 78124 |
Chunhui Chen | 120 | 1057 | 70937 |
Fr Pastore | 116 | 768 | 64175 |
K. W. McFarlane | 99 | 459 | 36956 |
Timothy Brooks | 98 | 532 | 35040 |
L. Duguid | 92 | 324 | 25829 |
V. Boisvert | 89 | 341 | 41483 |
V. I. Vassilakopoulos | 87 | 296 | 36009 |
T. Shin | 87 | 300 | 36728 |
A. Harvey | 87 | 294 | 36387 |