Institution
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Nonprofit•Dhaka, Bangladesh•
About: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources is a nonprofit organization based out in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Biodiversity & Population. The organization has 1317 authors who have published 1870 publications receiving 97588 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is with the chapter on 'man and bats' that the authors have suggested possible links with human health which are often, at best, misleading.
Abstract: It is with the chapter on 'man and bats' that I have particular complaint. This includes a section entitled 'Bats and public health', which discusses the bacterial, viral, fungal and invertebrate associations with bats and has very little to do with humans—it is a fascinating aspect of bat biology often omitted from bat books, but one which belongs outside the scope of this chapter. In attempting to justify its place here the authors have suggested possible links with human health which are often, at best, misleading. This is not good for a book that purports to give a more realistic image than the one bats have suffered for so long.
159 citations
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TL;DR: An overview of the current state of global eel data and conservation is presented, categorising the knowledge gaps and geographic regions where resources are needed and discussing future recommendations to improve the understanding of anguillids.
158 citations
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International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources1, University of Tasmania2, University of the Philippines3, Global Environment Facility4, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais5, Conservation International6, Arizona State University7, BirdLife International8, University of Cambridge9
TL;DR: The increasing reliability and comprehensiveness of the IUCN Red List suggests that its role as a source of biodiversity data is certain to expand dramatically, and this work aims to identify comprehensive protected area networks that together will minimize biodiversity loss.
Abstract: Systematic conservation planning aims to identify comprehensive protected area networks
that together will minimize biodiversity loss. Importantly, conservation planners seek to determine
where to allocate limited resources first, particularly given the uneven spread of, and threats to,
biodiversity. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened
Species incorporates data not only on threats to species, but also on species distributions and ecological
requirements. These temporal and spatial attributes, when combined with other datasets, have
proven useful for determining the most urgent priority areas for conserving biodiversity, from the
global level down to the scale of individual sites. Although many challenges remain, the increasing
reliability and comprehensiveness of the IUCN Red List suggests that its role as a source of biodiversity
data in systematic conservation planning is certain to expand dramatically.
158 citations
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TL;DR: The most threatening plant invaders are the trees Psidium cattleianum and Ligustrum robustwn, the bramble Rubus alceifolius, the shrubs Fuchsia magellanica and Lantana camara, and the herbaceous Hedychium gardnerianum.
Abstract: Although most of the lowland endemic forests of the mountainous Indian Ocean island of La Reunion have been converted by Man to other land-uses, relatively intact ecosystems still survive at higher elevations. Given the particular conservational value of these remnants of primary forest, detailed knowledge of the threats faced by these native ecosystems was urgently needed. Accordingly we conducted field surveys through the various plant communities on the island in order to answer particular questions regarding the vulnerability of native vegetation remnants to invasive, introduced plant species.Our results indicated that most invaders colonize human-disturbed sites most successfully. However, such alien plants are also frequent in the Reunion primary forest remnants, with at least 62 species penetrating into areas which have experienced no or little human disturbance. Nevertheless, the forest remnants were still mainly dominated by indigenous or endemic plant species and maintain what is, presumably, their original vegetational structure.The most threatening plant invaders are the trees Psidium cattleianum and Ligustrum robustwn, the bramble Rubus alceifolius, the shrubs Fuchsia magellanica and Lantana camara, and the herbaceous Hedychium gardnerianum, Boehmeria macrophylla, and Boehmeria penduliflora.We found the early stages of primary succession on young volcanic sites to be dominated by aggressively expanding populations of alien species. It appears very unlikely that native species will replace the invaders as the succession proceeds, and furthermore the survival of many indigenous species probably hinges on the active control of alien species.In order for alien plant management efforts to be successful, we propose a priority ranking based on the current and potential future extent of specific infestation, the rate of spread, the difficulty with which a species can be controlled, and its ecological impact on the areas invaded.Finally, the long-term survival of the Reunion ecosystems depends largely upon the drawing up and implementation of an adequate overall conservation policy regarding human-caused invasions by alien plants in the native vegetation.
158 citations
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TL;DR: The management actions shown to be effective on Mokoia have now been used to produce sustained growth in three other re-introduced hihi populations, and illustrate how adaptive management can facilitate successful species recovery.
Abstract: Summary
1
Adaptive management involves the development of predictive models, strategic manipulation of management actions to gain information, and subsequent updating of the models and management. The paradigm has several characteristics that make it an effective approach for determining requirements of re-introduced populations.
2
Adaptive management was applied to the re-introduction of hihi Notiomystis cincta, a New Zealand forest bird that had been reduced to a single island population. Following three previous failed re-introductions, we initiated an 8-year series of management manipulations when hihi were re-introduced to Mokoia Island in 1994.
3
We developed a population model for projecting outcomes under potential management scenarios, and updated it on an annual basis. The population model combined submodels for survival and reproduction that were selected from sets of candidate models using an information-theoretic approach. All projections incorporated demographic stochasticity, and later projections incorporated uncertainty associated with model selection and parameter estimation.
4
The programme showed that some actions (e.g. the provision of sugar water during breeding season and mite control) substantially increased the population's growth rate, but that persistence was uncertain under any management scenario. The population growth rate was shown to be constrained by a low adult survival rate that was unaffected by supplementary feeding, and was associated with a feature of the island (high density of Aspergillus fumigatus spores) that could not be remedied by management. Hihi were therefore removed from Mokoia. However, the management actions shown to be effective on Mokoia have now been used to produce sustained growth in three other re-introduced hihi populations.
6
Synthesis and applications. The results illustrate how adaptive management can facilitate successful species recovery. Without manipulation of management treatments, the Mokoia hihi re-introduction would have just been another failure that provided no useful information. Instead, our manipulations allowed us to identify effective management actions that were successfully applied to other re-introduced populations, and allowed us to identify a limiting factor that had not been previously considered. We have illustrated how other characteristics of the adaptive management approach (flexible treatments, ongoing monitoring, early model development, quantitative projections and incorporation of uncertainty) were essential to the programme.
156 citations
Authors
Showing all 1320 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Kevin M. Smith | 114 | 1711 | 78470 |
Ary A. Hoffmann | 113 | 907 | 55354 |
David W. Macdonald | 111 | 1109 | 51334 |
Michael R. Hoffmann | 109 | 500 | 63474 |
Fred W. Allendorf | 86 | 230 | 34738 |
Edward B. Barbier | 84 | 450 | 36753 |
James J. Yoo | 81 | 491 | 27738 |
Michael William Bruford | 80 | 369 | 23635 |
James E. M. Watson | 74 | 461 | 23362 |
Brian Huntley | 74 | 225 | 28875 |
Brian W. Bowen | 74 | 181 | 17451 |
Gordon Luikart | 72 | 193 | 37564 |
Stuart H. M. Butchart | 72 | 245 | 26585 |
Thomas M. Brooks | 71 | 215 | 33724 |
Joshua E. Cinner | 68 | 177 | 14384 |