Joint Global Change Research Institute

About: Joint Global Change Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Riverdale Park, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Greenhouse gas & Climate change. The organization has 197 authors who have published 934 publications receiving 62390 citations.

Baseload and peaking economics and the resulting adoption of a carbon dioxide capture-and-storage system for electric power plants

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter explores the comparative economics of CCS systems on both existing and new coal- and gas-fired electric power plants, analyzing the response to a set of hypothetical future CO2-emissions constraints. The chapter analyzes these effects using the East Central Area Reliability Coordination Agreement (ECAR) region as an illustration. Using an electricity capacity expansion and dispatch model developed at Battelle, it quantifies the economic decisions and examine the resulting mix of coal- and gas-fired power plants with and without CCS, the economic operation of these plants, and the impacts on the cost of generating electricity in both off-peak and peak hours of electrical load. It also explores how CO2-emissions intensity changes across the electricity load profile from baseload to intermediate and peaking capacity over the set of CO2-emissions constraints.

Enhancing the soil and water assessment tool model for simulating N2O emissions of three agricultural systems

Abstract: Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) contributing to global warming, with the agriculture sector as the major source of anthropogenic N2O emissions due to excessive fertilizer use. ...

What do near-term observations tell us about long-term developments in greenhouse gas emissions?

Abstract: Long-term scenarios developed by integrated assessment models are used in climate research to provide an indication of plausible long-term emissions of greenhouse gases and other radiatively active substances based on developments in the global energy system, land-use and the emissions associated with these systems. The phenomena that determine these long-term developments (several decades or even centuries) are very different than those that operate on a shorter time-scales (a few years). Nevertheless, in the literature, we still often find direct comparisons between short-term observations and long-term developments that do not take into account the differing dynamics over these time scales. In this letter, we discuss some of the differences between the factors that operate in the short term and those that operate in the long term. We use long-term historical emissions trends to show that short-term observations are very poor indicators of long-term future emissions developments. Based on this, we conclude that the performance of long-term scenarios should be evaluated against the appropriate, corresponding long-term variables and trends. The research community may facilitate this by developing appropriate data sets and protocols that can be used to test the performance of long-term scenarios and the models that produce them.