Institution
Joint Global Change Research Institute
Facility•Riverdale Park, Maryland, United States•
About: Joint Global Change Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Riverdale Park, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Greenhouse gas & Climate change. The organization has 197 authors who have published 934 publications receiving 62390 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, a multi-model comparison is performed to assess strategies for adaptation to climate change impacts in hydropower generation in Brazil under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) for low and high impact scenarios through 2050.
45 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a direct coupling of the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM), Global Land use Model (GLM), and Community ESM (CESM) has been proposed to characterize and partially address a major gap in the CMIP5 land coupling design.
Abstract: . Climate projections depend on scenarios of fossil fuel emissions and land use change, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR5 parallel process assumes consistent climate scenarios across integrated assessment and earth system models (IAMs and ESMs). The CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) project used a novel "land use harmonization" based on the Global Land use Model (GLM) to provide ESMs with consistent 1500–2100 land use trajectories generated by historical data and four IAMs. A direct coupling of the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM), GLM, and the Community ESM (CESM) has allowed us to characterize and partially address a major gap in the CMIP5 land coupling design: the lack of a corresponding land cover harmonization. For RCP4.5, CESM global afforestation is only 22% of GCAM's 2005 to 2100 afforestation. Likewise, only 17% of GCAM's 2040 afforestation, and zero pasture loss, were transmitted to CESM within the directly coupled model. This is a problem because GCAM relied on afforestation to achieve RCP4.5 climate stabilization. GLM modifications and sharing forest area between GCAM and GLM within the directly coupled model did not increase CESM afforestation. Modifying the land use translator in addition to GLM, however, enabled CESM to include 66% of GCAM's afforestation in 2040, and 94% of GCAM's pasture loss as grassland and shrubland losses. This additional afforestation increases CESM vegetation carbon gain by 19 PgC and decreases atmospheric CO2 gain by 8 ppmv from 2005 to 2040, which demonstrates that CESM without additional afforestation simulates a different RCP4.5 scenario than prescribed by GCAM. Similar land cover inconsistencies exist in other CMIP5 model results, primarily because land cover information is not shared between models. Further work to harmonize land cover among models will be required to increase fidelity between IAM scenarios and ESM simulations and realize the full potential of scenario-based earth system simulations.
45 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a meta-analysis of a large body of recently published literature to derive updated estimates of the global deep geologic storage resource as well as the potential demand for this geologic CO 2 storage resource over the course of this century.
45 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate opportunities for energy technology deployment under climate change mitigation efforts in Latin America, through several carbon tax and CO2 abatement scenarios until 2050, and analyze what resources and technologies, notably for electricity generation, could be cost-optimal in the energy sector to significantly reduce CO2 emissions in the region.
45 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relative contributions of climate and socioeconomic systems on water scarcity under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways-Representative Concentration Pathways framework and found that human systems dominate changes in water scarcity independent of socioeconomic or climate future.
Abstract: Future changes in climate and socioeconomic systems will drive both the availability and use of water resources, leading to evolutions in scarcity. The contributions of both systems can be quantified individually to understand the impacts around the world, but also combined to explore how the coevolution of energy-water-land systems affects not only the driver behind water scarcity changes, but how human and climate systems interact in tandem to alter water scarcity. Here we investigate the relative contributions of climate and socioeconomic systems on water scarcity under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways-Representative Concentration Pathways framework. While human systems dominate changes in water scarcity independent of socioeconomic or climate future, the sign of these changes depend particularly on the socioeconomic scenario. Under specific socioeconomic futures, human-driven water scarcity reductions occur in up to 44% of the global land area by the end of the century.
44 citations
Authors
Showing all 213 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Katherine Calvin | 58 | 181 | 14764 |
Steven J. Smith | 58 | 190 | 36110 |
George C. Hurtt | 57 | 159 | 24734 |
Brian C. O'Neill | 57 | 174 | 14636 |
Leon Clarke | 53 | 181 | 10770 |
James A. Edmonds | 51 | 175 | 10494 |
Claudia Tebaldi | 50 | 100 | 21389 |
Roberto C. Izaurralde | 48 | 142 | 9790 |
Ghassem R. Asrar | 46 | 141 | 12280 |
Yuyu Zhou | 46 | 169 | 6578 |
Ben Bond-Lamberty | 43 | 144 | 7732 |
Marshall Wise | 40 | 110 | 7074 |
William K. M. Lau | 40 | 154 | 7095 |
Allison M. Thomson | 39 | 91 | 22037 |
Ben Kravitz | 37 | 127 | 4256 |