King's College, Aberdeen

About: King's College, Aberdeen is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Poison control & Sedimentary depositional environment. The organization has 712 authors who have published 918 publications receiving 25421 citations. The organization is also known as: King's College, Aberdeen & The University and King's College of Aberdeen.

Characteristics of Invasive Fungal Infections among HIV Individuals from an Indigenous Origin in Mexico.

Abstract: In individuals with HIV/AIDS, 47% of the deaths are attributed to invasive fungal infections (IFIs), despite antiretroviral (ARV) therapy This is a retrospective study carried out in the Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Oaxaca (HRAEO), southwest Mexico, where IFIs that occurred during 2016–2017 are described A total of 55 individuals were included Histoplasmosis (36%) and possible-IFIs in neutropenic fever (20%) were the most frequent cases, followed by cryptococcosis (14%) The HIV/AIDS subpopulation corresponded with 26 cases (47%), all from an indigenous origin The incidence of IFIs among them was 24% (95% CI = 15–33%) The CD4+ T cells median was 35 cells/mL (IQR 12–58) Four cases (15%) of unmasking IRIS were identified, three of histoplasmosis and one coccidioidomycosis Co-infections were found in 52% (12/23), and tuberculosis in 50% (6/12) was the most frequent The mortality rate was 48% The general characteristics of the HIV individuals who died were atypical pneumonia (70% vs 9%, p = 001), acute kidney injury, (70% vs 9%, p = 0008) and ICU stay (80% vs 9%, p = 0002) In conclusion, IFIs are diagnosed in one out of four individuals with HIV/AIDS along with other complicated infectious conditions, leading to major complications and a high mortality rate

Low-temperature oxidation characteristics of pipeline wax

Abstract: Four samples of pipeline wax from a North Sea crude oil pipeline have been examined in a microcalorimeter across a range of temperatures. The samples, which weighed a little under a gram, gave heat-release rates up to about 20 μW, and the initial temperature history is such that there is a small amount of melting which is manifest as a negative microcalorimeter signal. Esti mated activation energies for the oxidation are of the expected order of magni tude, though a little low.

Air Requirements for a Burner at an Exploration Well

Abstract: The Forum is intended to provide for dialogue and discussion among fire experts, scientists and consultants. Contributions to The Forum will not be refereed in the conventional sense, but will be subject to review by the Journal's Editorial Board relative to appropriateness, clarity, timeliness, and scope of interest. The Editorial Board will be the sole judge of those contributions to be published. Opinions expressed, however, are those of the authors and not of the Editors or Technomic Publishing Company, Incor porated.

Exploring nature-based solutions to droughts and floods in the Limpopo basin

Abstract: Southern Africa faces both severe droughts and strong floods. Communities describe how they are impacted by both extremes, but do not regard them as connected. They prepare for droughts by implementing water-saving measures and crop changes, but report doing little to prepare for floods. Governance actors instead try to manage both extremes, for example by installing dams that can capture floodwater to increase water availability during dry seasons. In the Connect4WR project, we combined community and governance interviews and workshops with scenario modelling to explore more nature-based solutions focusing on subsurface storage and infiltration. The governance actors in the four countries of the Limpopo (Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Mozambique) were keen to explore effects of afforestation, sand dams, managed aquifer recharge, and rainwater harvesting. The coupled surface-water-groundwater model we set up, showed that these measures can successfully reduce both droughts and floods. Especially measures that increase groundwater levels both increase water availability and reduce flood peaks throughout the basin. Although downstream communities benefit from the decreased flooding, they could be negatively affected if measures that increase (ground)water storage are combined with high abstraction for irrigation in the upstream part of the basin. In a transboundary river basin like Limpopo, international cooperation and information sharing is crucial. Also, these measures are often too costly and large-scale for the resource-limited rural communities, who can often only respond to extremes by relocating to less drought- or flood-prone areas. Training and government support can help with the implementation of nature-based solutions, but measures need to be resonating with local cultural practices to be adopted and effective land- and water management is important. In this presentation I will discuss the benefits and challenges related to the implementation of nature-based solutions in low- and middle-income countries with fragile populations.

Conceptualization of recharge processes in the world most populous megacity in the past three decades using WetSpass-M Model: lessons and opportunities for Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) 

Abstract: <p>Current demographics have projected that Lagos will become the world’s most populated megacity by the year 2100. This rapidly increasing human population has led to rapid depletion of groundwater resources of its highly productive coastal aquifers. The recharge processes and its drivers are yet to be quantified and understood. This challenge prompt the need to estimate the past and present recharge rate and understand the recharge processes in the megacity using WetSpass-M model. Input data such as land cover, DEM, slope, water depth, soil, temperature, precipitation, evapotranspiration, windspeed representing the past three decades (1990 to 2020) were inputted into the model. The findings established the two contrasting trends with recharge rates decreasing from 761mm/yr to 563mm/yr and runoff increasing from 292mm/yr to 400mm/yr. Similar spatial patterns of land use, simulated recharge and runoff were observed in the central area of Lagos. This supports the pressures from urbanization activities in the reduction of infiltrating water expected to recharge the aquifers and increasing runoff waters with potential of creating environmental hazards. The increasing runoff amount at the places near the water bodies serves as source water for Fiver Bank Filtration takeoff of Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) that can be captured, treated and stored in aquifers for later use. This when used will reduce the water availability crisis reported and projected in city of Lagos. </p>