Showing papers by "Moscow State University published in 1988"
443 citations
375 citations
TL;DR: The main goal of the present review is to formulate a comprehensive classification of numerous successful nonaqueous biocatalytic systems based on a few fundamental principles.
336 citations
TL;DR: Evidence for separate detectors for frequency and location of an auditory stimulus was obtained and it was suggested that the N1 component recorded was generated by highly frequency-specific neurons.
218 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, satellite data on the electromagnetic structures in the high-latitude ionosphere is presented and the theoretical treatment that is carried out in the present paper is in reasonable agreement with the observations.
Abstract: Satellite (IC-B-1300) data on the electromagnetic structures in the high-latitude ionosphere are presented One can observe three kinds of vortices, namely vortex chains as well as solitary dipolar and monopolar vortex structures The theoretical treatment that is carried out in the present paper is in reasonable agreement with the observations
172 citations
TL;DR: Densitometric scanning of polyacrylamide‐SDS gels shows that these polypeptides are present in a complex in a 1:1 molar ratio, and indicates that the native molecule contains two 120‐kd subunits and two 62‐kD subunits.
Abstract: In the present work we have studied the subunit composition of kinesin, the microtubule-activated, mechanochemical ATPase, isolated from bovine brain. Polypeptides with mol. wts of 120 and 62 kd are the major components of the kinesin preparation. These polypeptides could not be separated by electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions or by FPLC on a MonoQ column, and are therefore assumed to form a tight complex. As shown by immunoblotting with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to the 120-kd polypeptide and by one-dimensional peptide mapping, the 62-kd polypeptide does not appear to be a proteolytic product of the 120-kd component. Densitometric scanning of polyacrylamide-SDS gels shows that these polypeptides are present in a complex in a 1:1 molar ratio. The mol. wt of native kinesin was studied by sedimentation equilibrium and was found to be 386 +/- 14 kd. A comparison of the mol. wts of individual polypeptides with the mol. wt of the intact molecule indicates that the native molecule contains two 120-kd subunits and two 62-kd subunits.
164 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that interaction of a specific segment of the viral RNA with one or more of initiation factors plays an important part in the mechanism of translation of the picornavirus genomes, poliovirus attenuation, and, possibly, pathogenesis of poliomyelitis.
129 citations
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, Caratheodory differential equations and differential equations with distributions are considered and existence theorems for solutions are established and the properties of solutions, especially the dependence of a solution on the right-hand side, are investigated.
Abstract: In Chapter 1 Caratheodory differential equations and differential equations with distributions are considered. Existence theorems for solutions are established and the properties of solutions, especially the dependence of a solution on the right-hand side, are investigated. Approximation of different types of equations by equations with continuous right-hand side is studied.
125 citations
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: This review is an attempt to show the modern state of the fundamental and applied aspects of the protein structure and stability problem.
Abstract: (1988). Structure-Stability Relationship in Proteins: Fundamental Tasks and Strategy for the Development of Stabilized Enzyme Catalysts for Biotechnolog. Critical Reviews in Biochemistry: Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 235-281.
116 citations
TL;DR: Nucleation of the superconducting phase in superconductor-ferromagnet multilayers is studied theoretically and the theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data for V/Fe multilayer.
Abstract: Nucleation of the superconducting phase in superconductor-ferromagnet multilayers is studied theoretically. When the superconducting layers are thin and decoupled by pair breaking in the ferromagnetic layers, the parallel critical field exhibits a nonlinear temperature dependence and nonmonotonic thickness dependence. The perpendicular critical field, corresponding to the nucleation of strongly modulated vortices, is also calculated. The theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data for V/Fe multilayers.
111 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest possible functions for all of the potexvirus proteins and indicate that potexviruses have a genome organization which is considerably different from that of other plant viruses.
TL;DR: Ascorbate-dependent peroxidation of lipid components of biological membranes is inhibited by the natural histidine-containing dipeptides, carnosine and anserine, used at physiological concentrations, and the optical spectrum of primary molecular products of polyunsaturated fatty acids changes significantly.
Abstract: 1. 1. Ascorbate-dependent peroxidation of lipid components of biological membranes is inhibited by the natural histidine-containing dipeptides, carnosine and anserine, used at physiological concentrations. 2. 2. Carnosine and anserine exhibit an equal antioxidative activity, whereas the preventing effect of homocarnosine is manifested only at low concentrations of oxidized lipid material. 3. 3. The inhibiting effect of the dipeptides is enhanced either by the rise in the dipeptide concentration or by the decrease in the level of membrane components. 4. 4. Addition of the dipeptides results in a marked decrease in the level of primary molecular products of lipid peroxidation. 5. 5. In this case the optical spectrum of primary molecular products of polyunsaturated fatty acids changes significantly.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that protein stabilization can be achieved by artificial hydrophilization of the surface area of protein globules by chemical modification, practically equal to the stability of proteolytic enzymes from extremely thermophilic bacteria, the most stable proteinases known to date.
Abstract: This paper experimentally verifies the idea presented earlier that the contact of nonpolar clusters located on the surface of protein molecules with water destabilizes proteins It is demonstrated that protein stabilization can be achieved by artificial hydrophilization of the surface area of protein globules by chemical modification Two experimental systems are studied for the verification of the hydrophilization approach The surface tyrosine residues of trypsin are transformed to aminotyrosines using a two-step modification procedure: nitration by tetranitromethane followed by reduction with sodium dithionite The modified enzyme is much more stable against irreversible thermoinactivation: the stabilizing effect increases with the number of aminotyrosine residues in trypsin and the modified enzyme can become even 100 times more stable than the native one Alpha-chymotrypsin is covalently modified by treatment with anhydrides or chloroanhydrides of aromatic carboxylic acids As a result, different numbers of additional carboxylic groups (up to five depending on the structure of the modifying reagent) are introduced into each Lys residue modified Acylation of all available amino groups of alpha-chymotrypsin by cyclic anhydrides of pyromellitic and mellitic acids results in a substantial hydrophilization of the protein as estimated by partitioning in an aqueous Ficoll-400/Dextran-70 biphasic system These modified enzyme preparations are extremely stable against irreversible thermal inactivation at elevated temperatures (65-98 degrees C); their thermostability is practically equal to the stability of proteolytic enzymes from extremely thermophilic bacteria, the most stable proteinases known to date
TL;DR: In this paper, general regularities of catalysis by enzymes solubilized in reversed micelles of surfactants in organic solvents are discussed, and the kinetic scheme describing the observed dependency of catalytic activity on surfactant hydration and concentration is presented, and a computer simulation is performed of the theoretical equations.
TL;DR: A spacetime and world-sheet covariant quantization of the heterotic string in the Green-Schwarz (GS) formulation is performed with the help of auxiliary fields, which respect all standard symmetries of the GS string theory and which prove to be pure gauge variables.
TL;DR: Cyanogen bromide was found to condense oligodeoxyribonucleotides on a complementary template in aqueous solution and CNBr proved to be useful for incorporation of phosphoramidate or pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds in DNA duplexes.
TL;DR: The concept of the turbulent dynamo in interstellar gas combined with the discovery of global magnetic structures in spiral galaxies has led to a consistent picture of galactic magnetism as discussed by the authors, and large-scale magnetic fields are generated and maintained by helical turbulent motions of interstellar gas and by differential galactic rotation.
Abstract: The concept of the turbulent dynamo in interstellar gas combined with the discovery of global magnetic structures in spiral galaxies has led to a consistent picture of galactic magnetism. Large-scale magnetic fields are generated and maintained by helical turbulent motions of interstellar gas and by differential galactic rotation. Seed fields for the dynamo can be produced by outflows from supernovae and hot young stars.
TL;DR: In this article, inclusive longitudinal and transverse momentum spectra of positively and negatively charged particles are presented, and scaling in the fragmentation regions and scaling violation in the central c.m. region is investigated in detail.
Abstract: New results are reported on inclusive charged particle production inK
+
p,π
+
p andpp collisions at 250 GeV/c. Inclusive longitudinal and transverse momentum spectra of positively and negatively charged particles are presented. Scaling in the fragmentation regions and scaling violation in the central c.m. region is investigated in detail. The topological pseudo-rapidity densities are shown to scale in the c.m. energy range from 22 to 900 GeV.
TL;DR: In this article, a geometric background for representation with the highest weight of the Virasoro algebra is given for representation space consisting of holomorphic sections of an analytic line bundle over the manifold M = Diff+S1/Rot S1 or over its factor manifold M1 = Diff +S 1/PSL (2, ).
TL;DR: Etude des processus de transfert de quantite de mouvement, de masse et denergie entre un gaz (ou une vapeur) and des particules dispersees (gouttelettes) in presence de perturbations acoustiques de haute frequence as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Etude des processus de transfert de quantite de mouvement, de masse et d'energie entre un gaz (ou une vapeur) et des particules dispersees (gouttelettes) en presence de perturbations acoustiques de haute frequence
TL;DR: The use of modified oligonucleotide probes (chimeric oligoribo-oligodeoxyribo-nucleotides linked via the pyrophosphate internucleotide bond) allows the elaboration of a method of regiospecific cleavage of RNA.
TL;DR: Etude des polyelectrolytes: polyanions (polymethacrylate de sodium et polyphosphate de sodium), polycations (bromure de polyethyl-1 vinyl-4 pyridinium)
Abstract: Etude des polyelectrolytes: polyanions (polymethacrylate de sodium et polyphosphate de sodium), polycations (bromure de polyethyl-1 vinyl-4 pyridinium)
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact-parameter dependence of electronic stopping for fast-proton collisions with gas and solid atoms is investigated for the case of solid targets, where the effects of arosen from electron shell rearrangement and dynamic screening of proton charge in a solid, on the electron stopping are studied.
Abstract: The semiclassical approximation with rectilinear trajectory is used to calculate the impact-parameter dependence of electronic stopping for fast-proton collisions with gas and solid atoms. The effects arosen from electron shell rearrangement and dynamic screening of proton charge in a solid, on the electron stopping are studied for case of solid targets. The calculation results are compared with experimental data and with approximate calculations based on sum rules and local electron density approximation.
TL;DR: In this article, a laminar flow of conducting fluid with helical (screw-like) streamlines for large magnetic Reynolds numbers, Rm, is solved with help of the singular perturbation theory.
Abstract: We solve the problem of magnetic field generation by a laminar flow of conducting fluid with helical (screw-like) streamlines for large magnetic Reynolds numbers, Rm. Asymptotic solutions are obtained with help of the singular perturbation theory. The generated field concentrates within cylindrical layers whose position, the magnetic field configuration and the growth rate are determined by the distribution of the angular, Ω, and longitudinal, Vz, velocities along the radius. The growth rate is proportional to Rm−½. When Ω and Vz are identically distributed along the radius, the asymptotic forms are of the WKB type; for different distributions, singular-layer asymptotics of the Prandtl type arise. The solutions are qualitatively different from those obtained for solid-body screw motion. The generation threshold strongly depends on the velocity profiles.
TL;DR: The homology of the Lie algebra of algebraic vector fields in the complex line with trivial 3-jet at the point 0 with the coefficients in irreducible highest weight representations of the Virasoro Lie algebra is calculated as discussed by the authors.
01 May 1988-Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology
TL;DR: The observed features of the discharge patterns of the pigeon's auditory fibers reflect the distinctive nature of the fundamental mechanisms of auditory analysis in birds that are connected with electrical tuning of the hair cells and probably with the micromechanics of the bird's cochlea.
Abstract: Extracellular recording from single auditory nerve fibers in the pigeon,Columba livia, revealed some unusual discharge patterns of spontaneous and evoked activity.
TL;DR: It was found that the discharge of lumbar-projecting rubrospinal neurons is modulated in relation to the intensity and frequency of the rhythmic efferent activity in the contralateral hindlimb.